Kate Lyons (now), Jedidajah Otte , Andrew Sparrow, Matthew Weaver (earlier) 

MPs told to pass Brexit deal by next Wednesday or face long article 50 extension – as it happened

MPs vote by 321 to 278 to rule out no deal despite government whipping Tory MPs against motion, following 312-308 win for Spelman amendment
  
  

Theresa May speaking in the Commons after the result of the final vote was announced.
Theresa May speaking in the Commons after the result of the final vote was announced. Photograph: UK Parliament/Jessica Taylor/PA

Folks, it’s time to wrap up the blog for the night.

I’ll be back in a few hours to launch a new Politics live blog, bringing you all of Thursday’s Brexit and other political news. A reminder of what’s on the agenda for Thursday:

Parliament will vote on a motion that sets next Wednesday as the deadline for MPs to pass a Brexit deal. It says, if a deal is passed by then, the government will seek an extension of article 50 until 30 June. But if the deal is not passed by then, then the government will need a longer extension, requiring the UK to take part in European elections.

Thanks so much for your company and your comments. See you soon.

‘The best turd we’ve got’ - and other attempts to explain Brexit

There have been some remarkable turns of phrase from commentators and politicians in their attempts to capture just what exactly has gone on in British politics in the last few days.

The most quotable quote from an MP on Brexit in a while (forever?) came from Conservative backbencher Steve Double who said in parliament on Tuesday:

This is a turd of a deal, which has now been taken away and polished, and is now a polished turd. But it might be the best turd that we’ve got.

This is also pretty good from Tom Peck at the Indy, who says:

The House of Commons was a Benny Hill chase on acid, running through a Salvador Dali painting in a spaceship on its way to infinity.

It has got us wondering about the best Brexit analogies, or attempts to explain Brexit that have come out over the months/years. Any favourites? Let me know in the comments or on Twitter.

This one springs to mind:

Updated

'Meltdown' - how the papers covered it

And a little more from Varadkar’s speech, in which he says that Ireland needs its friends in the US “more so than ever”.

While others may make a different decision, we see ourselves at the heart of the common European home which we help to build.

We want to maintain and enhance the transatlantic relationship and we are determined to protect the Good Friday Agreement and everything that flows from it.

So whatever happens in the coming months, we are sure about our place in the world, we know where we are going, and as a country we are confident about the future.

Updated

Leo Varadkar, the Taoiseach of Ireland, has been in Washington DC, where he delivered a speech at a gala dinner. Gavan Reilly, the political correspondent for Virgin Media News in Ireland, was in attendance and says Varadkar received two spontaneous interruptions for applause as he says Ireland will remain a committed member of the EU and guarantor of the Good Friday Agreement.

UKIP in Northern Ireland has called Wednesday night “a defining evening” in which the “game-playing political class” brazenly defied the very people who elected them.

I’m quite intrigued to know what they mean by the ominous use of an ellipsis at the end of the tweet. It’s quite a menacing bit of punctuation.

And Sarah Wollaston has reiterated the calls from the Independent Group for a People’s Vote. A reminder that they are tabling an amendment calling for a “public vote in which the people of the United Kingdom may give their consent for either leaving the European Union on terms to be determined by Parliament or retaining the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Union”.

Photographs of the proposed amendment are being widely shared by MPs on Twitter tonight.

Sarah Wollaston, MP for Totnes, formerly of the Conservative Party now of the Independent Group, has been watching Peston and is unimpressed by Angela Rayner’s performance. She says both major parties have failed to deliver, which is why we are seeing, what she describes as, “broken politics”.

Labour MP for Walthamstow, Stella Creasy, has shared four videos explaining to her constituents what went down today. It’s an interesting summary of the day’s events, as well as giving a sense of how the day unfolded from the perspective of one of the players in the “complete parliamentary madness” of the day, as Creasy describes it.

Creasy says she will be supporting amendments that give Britain a longer extension before it has to leave the EU, saying the country needs more time to “sort this out”.

Creasy says she was unsurprised that as Theresa May left the House today it was to shouts of “resign”, saying that any other prime minister who had failed to carry parliament with her, and indeed her own party with her, would not still be in Downing Street, adding that she thinking “the country will suffer as a result” of May’s refusal to step down.

If you’ve got seven minutes, the four videos are worth a watch.

Also, thank you to starsmurf for this lovely comment, I can confirm that our moderators are indeed very long-suffering, as well as being brilliant, dedicated and all-round lovely people. They are also often unsung, so I’m taking this opportunity to share your praise of them above the line:

Thank you mods and all those updating ATL.

We really need to have a crowdfunder set up for the poor long-suffering mods plus Andrew Sparrow and the others who have kept this going pretty much 24 hours a day over these last few days. We can keep them in coffee for when they’re working and something stronger for when they’re off duty or when it all gets too much. Cakes and other sources of sustenance could be provided too. We all win because journalists with plenty of sugar and caffeine in their systems can cope with the political chaos while the mods can deal with the trolls and Putinbots. A well-fed mod is a happy mod.

And while we don’t have a crowd-funding campaign for sugary and caffeinated goodness, the Guardian runs on a membership model. So if you love us, make sure you’ve joined up.

Hello everyone.

This is Kate Lyons taking over the blog from my colleague Jedidajah Otte, which means we have come full circle on a huge day of Brexit news. I started this blog at about 5:30 on Wednesday morning and will keep it ticking over through the wee hours of Thursday morning, until there is no more news to report.

I sincerely hope for your sakes that none of you have been reading the blog that entire time (if you have, please go to sleep), though I wouldn’t blame you if you had been glued to it for that time, given the day that has just been and the stellar work of my colleagues in bringing the news to you.

I’ll be bringing you reaction from MPs, the papers and commentators. For now, here’s how the last few day’s Brexit happenings have been seen by the newspaper cartoonists of Australia:

I’m now handing over to my colleague Kate Lyons, who will continue rounding up reactions.

David Davis, who voted for the unsuccessful Malthouse agreement earlier, wants to “help” Theresa May deliver Brexit.

Sarah Newton MP, the 15th member of the government to quit over Brexit, has provided a statement:

“At the last general election I was given a mandate by my constituents to deliver Brexit, with an orderly transition to a new, close and special relationship with the EU. To deliver Brexit with a deal not a no-deal Brexit. I believe the withdrawal agreement and the future political declaration deliver on that manifesto pledge and will continue to support it.

Today, I resigned from the government so that I could vote for a motion that honours my commitment to my constituents, to leave the EU with a deal.

Like many of my constituents, I have been inspired by the personal courage and resilience of the prime minister and will continue to support her Herculean effort to secure enough support from across the house to leave the EU with a deal.”

Updated

According to HuffPost UK’s Paul Waugh, things could indeed be entirely up to Speaker John Bercow from here on.

Updated

For now, Jacob Rees-Mogg seems unwilling to concede defeat, as the bill required to actually rule out a no-deal scenario does not exist yet.

Gina Miller has predictably called for exactly this bill to be passed without much further ado.

Or, as one Simon Schama puts it:

Updated

As Tory Brexiters have suffered a major blow tonight, a number of pundits suggest that ERG MPs might support May’s deal in a third “meaningful vote” next week. However, it is not certain that Speaker John Bercow will allow MV3 if the deal is submitted again without any changes, as Ian Dunt, editor of Politics.co.uk, points out:

Updated

Greetings, I’m taking over from my colleague Andrew Sparrow and will gather some reactions to tonight’s events in parliament.

And what an evening it’s been.

Updated

Evening summary

No one knows how the Brexit crisis will end up being resolved, but it is escalating, and getting closer to the point where something decisive will happen. Tonight’s votes have shoved events quite some way in that direction. Here are the key developments.

  • Theresa May has now finally issued her MPs with an ultimatum; back her deal, or face a long delay to Brexit. (See 8.21pm.) Until now she has sought to threaten Brexiters with the prospect of Brexit being delayed or cancelled, and pro-Europeans, and Labour, with the prospect of a no-deal Brexit, in an effort to get MPs to vote for her plan. Tonight, with MPs voting against no deal, she has gone further than ever before in putting the squeeze on the ERG (European Research Group).
  • But her authority within her party is vanishing. May only agreed to offer today’s debate on ruling out no deal because last month pro-European ministers threatened to resign en masse if she didn’t. Tonight’s events were a shambles for the Conservative parliamentary party, and May has been openly defied by ministers who abstained rather than follow the party whip. (See 8.49pm.) This is not a normal state of affairs, and in the long run having such a weak PM is probably unsustainable.
  • Increasingly parliament really is taking control. May was defeated today on an amendment tabled by a Tory backbencher (Caroline Spelman) and pushed to a vote by a Labour backbencher (Yvette Cooper), although it was the PLP (parliamentary Labour party) that provided the muscle to defeat May. Tomorrow we are likely to see further votes on backbench amendments indicating that the legislature, not the executive, is taking the initiative. No 10 says it is not supporting calls for “indicative votes” on Brexit alternatives, but it seems they may well happen anyway in some form or another, via backbench amendments.
  • The threat of a no-deal Brexit on 29 March - a prospect that for the last two years May has repeatedly kept on the table - has almost certainly been removed. That does not mean tonight’s votes kill off no deal for good (see 7.29pm), but May has accepted it must not happen this month.
  • The notion that the Malthouse compromise offers an acceptable way forward has been comprehensively dismissed. This amendment was rejected by a majority of 210. (See 7.35pm.) Given the enormous faith placed in Malthouse by Tory Brexiters, this was a colossal defeat for them.

Here is our main story tonight.

My colleague Jedidajah Otte is now taking over to cover any further reaction.

Updated

The DUP are not minded to flinch, according to the Telegraph’s Jack Maidment.

This is from Sky’s Faisal Islam.

Corbyn says Labour will renew attempts to find compromise Brexit solution MPs can support

And here is the statement Jeremy Corbyn put out after tonight’s votes.

Tonight this house has once again definitely ruled out no deal. The prime minister said the choice was between her deal and no deal. In the last 24 hours parliament has decisively rejected both her deal and no deal. While an extension of article 50 is now inevitable, the responsibility for that extension lies solely and squarely at the prime minister’s door.

But extending article 50 without a clear objective is not a solution. parliament must now take control of the situation. In the days that follow, myself, the shadow Brexit secretary and others will have meetings with members across this House to find a compromise solution that can command support in the House. This means doing what the prime minister failed to do two years ago: search for a consensus on the way forward.

Labour has set out a credible alternative plan. Honourable members across this house are coming forward with proposals, whether that’s for a permanent customs union, a public vote, Norway plus or other ideas.

Let us, as a House of Commons work now to find a solution - to deal with the crisis facing the country and the deep concerns that many people have for their livelihood, their lives, their future, their jobs, their communities and their factories. It’s up to us, as the House of Commons, to look for and find a solution to their concerns. That is what we were elected to do.

Yvette Cooper, the Labour MP who pushed the Spelman amendment to a vote, has issued this statement about tonight’s votes. She said:

The House of Commons has voted decisively tonight against the chaos of no deal. We are in this position because the prime minister has refused to consult or build consensus, and refused to allow votes on other Brexit options. That needs to be urgently sorted out now. The government should come forward with plans to hold indicative votes on different options, including a customs union, so we can get on with this. If the prime minister won’t sort this out and build some consensus on the way forward then parliament will need to instead.

This is from BuzzFeed’s Alex Wickham.

Those ERG MPs obviously don’t include Steve Baker. See 9.07pm.

The People’s Vote campaign, which wants a second referendum, has accused Theresa May of trying to blackmail MPs into supporting her deal. It issued this statement from the Tory pro-European Guto Bebb. He said:

Tonight another government minister has resigned on principle rather than be part of a process designed to browbeat parliament into accepting a broken Brexit that the whole country knows fails to honour the promises of 2016 and would leave people poorer.

But, within minutes of losing key votes on this issue, the government has decided to deploy a new false threat. The effort to turn a necessary and sensible extension to the Brexit deadline into a bogeyman that will scare MPs back into line is both irresponsible and unedifying. It deserves to be treated with the same contempt that greeted previous efforts to browbeat or blackmail MPs into supporting a Brexit deal that neither they nor the country want.

Some of us did not always find it easy following the parliamentary proceedings tonight. According to my colleague Heather Stewart, we were in good company ...

Unlike Steve Baker, the deputy chair of the ERG (see 9.07pm), Jacob Rees-Mogg, the ERG chair, hinted tonight that he could be persuaded to back the PM’s deal.

Asked if he would continue to vote against it, he replied:

We will have to see if there is any change.

There are discussions today in relation to what Geoffrey Cox has had to say to the DUP and, crucially, what may be put in the withdrawal and implementation bill which could have an effect on how people vote.

So I’m not the immovable object facing the irresistible force.

Here is a mini profile of Sarah Newton, who resigned tonight from the government to vote to rule out no deal for good, from the Press Association. (See 9.04pm.)

Sarah Newton’s quiet rise within the Conservative ranks was dealt a fatal, self-inflicted blow, following her decision to vote against the government over Brexit. In doing so, she became the second minister from Cornwall to resign over the issue in a fortnight, after Leave-backing George Eustice (Camborne and Redruth) opted to return to the backbenches from the agriculture brief “to be free to participate in the critical” Brexit debate.

History graduate Newton, a former director of Age Concern England, was among the 2010 intake of MPs, becoming the first person to win the newly created seat of Truro and Falmouth as boundary changes meant Cornwall increased its MPs from five to six. She has held it ever since.

And in 2012, at the height of the furore surrounding the introduction of the so-called “pasty tax”, the Cornish MP spoke in the Commons about the cherished delicacy.

Issuing a warning to then-chancellor George Osborne, she said: “There is growing concern throughout Cornwall about the possible unintended consequences of the Budget and about the undoubtedly real threat to the Cornish pasty of the pasty tax.”

From May 2015 to July 2016, Newton was a Government whip with departmental responsibility for Defra, and moved to the Home Office as parliamentary under-secretary of state for crime, safeguarding and vulnerability.

The mother-of-three, who backed Theresa May in the Tory leadership election in 2016, was later appointed minister for disabled people, health and work, before becoming work and pensions minister in November 2017.

She resigned on Wednesday evening, moments after defying the whips to vote for the cross-party amendment rejecting a no-deal Brexit.

Steve Baker, the Tory Brexiter and deputy chair of the European Research Group, told Sky News that he would continue to vote against the PM’s deal, regardless of her threat to seek a long Brexit delay. He explained:

I’ll say to the government now, when meaningful vote three comes back, I will see to it that we keep voting this down however many times it’s brought back, whatever pressure we’re put under and come what may. Please don’t do it. Keep going back to the EU and say, ‘It wont pass.’

Sarah Newton resigns as DWP minister as she votes to rule out no-deal Brexit for good

Sarah Newton resigned as minister for disabled people in the work and pensions department tonight as she voted against the Tory whip in the final vote and in favour of the the amended motion ruling out a no-deal Brexit for good.

The Brexiter Mark Francois has told Sky News that collective discipline in the party has collapsed.

Downing Street also said it had no plans for indicative votes on Brexit alternatives. The prime minister’s spokesman said:

We have no plans for indicative votes, I think I’ve said that on a number of occasions. What you have seen in parliament in recent weeks is a series of plans being put before parliament by opposition parties and they have all been rejected.

This is from David Mundell, the Scottish secretary, explaining why he was one of the 11 ministers who abstained in the final vote (see 8.49am), instead of voting against ruling out no deal for good, as Tory MPs were supposed to.

How MPs voted in three Brexit divisions

Here are the key figures for how MPs voted in the three votes. The full lists are here.

The Spelman amendment

Tory MPs were whipped to vote against. But nine of them backed it: Guto Bebb, Ken Clarke, Justine Greening, Dominic Grieve, Sam Gyimah, Phillip Lee, Antoinette Sandbach, Caroline Spelman and Ed Vaizey.

And Labour MPs were whipped to vote for it. But six of them voted against: Ronnie Campbell, Stephen Hepburn, Kate Hoey, John Mann, Dennis Skinner and Graham Stringer.

The Green amendment (or the Malthouse compromise one)

Tories had a free vote. Some 149 voted for it.

They were: Nigel Adams (Selby and Ainsty), Adam Afriyie (Windsor), Peter Aldous (Waveney), Lucy Allan (Telford), David Amess (Southend West), Stuart Andrew (Pudsey), Kemi Badenoch (Saffron Walden), Steve Baker (Wycombe), Henry Bellingham (North West Norfolk), Jake Berry (Rossendale and Darwen), Bob Blackman (Harrow East), Crispin Blunt (Reigate), Graham Brady (Altrincham and Sale West), Suella Braverman (Fareham), Andrew Bridgen (North West Leicestershire), Fiona Bruce (Congleton), Robert Buckland (South Swindon), Alex Burghart (Brentwood and Ongar), Conor Burns (Bournemouth West), Alun Cairns (Vale of Glamorgan), Colin Clark (Gordon), Simon Clarke (Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland), Geoffrey Clifton-Brown (The Cotswolds), Therese Coffey (Suffolk Coastal), Damian Collins (Folkestone and Hythe), Robert Courts (Witney), Chris Davies (Brecon and Radnorshire), David T. C. Davies (Monmouth), Glyn Davies (Montgomeryshire), Philip Davies (Shipley), David Davis (Haltemprice and Howden), Michelle Donelan (Chippenham), Nadine Dorries (Mid Bedfordshire), James Duddridge (Rochford and Southend East), Iain Duncan Smith (Chingford and Woodford Green), Philip Dunne (Ludlow), Michael Ellis (Northampton North), Charlie Elphicke (Dover), George Eustice (Camborne and Redruth), Nigel Evans (Ribble Valley), David Evennett (Bexleyheath and Crayford), Michael Fabricant (Lichfield), Michael Fallon (Sevenoaks), Mark Francois (Rayleigh and Wickford), Lucy Frazer (South East Cambridgeshire), Mark Garnier (Wyre Forest), Cheryl Gillan (Chesham and Amersham), Zac Goldsmith (Richmond Park), Helen Grant (Maidstone and The Weald), James Gray (North Wiltshire), Chris Green (Bolton West), Damian Green (Ashford), Kirstene Hair (Angus), Greg Hands (Chelsea and Fulham), Rebecca Harris (Castle Point), Trudy Harrison (Copeland), Simon Hart (Carmarthen West and South Pembrokeshire), John Hayes (South Holland and The Deepings), James Heappey (Wells), Chris Heaton-Harris (Daventry), Gordon Henderson (Sittingbourne and Sheppey), Adam Holloway (Gravesham), Eddie Hughes (Walsall North), Jeremy Hunt (South West Surrey), Alister Jack (Dumfries and Galloway), Sajid Javid (Bromsgrove), Ranil Jayawardena (North East Hampshire), Bernard Jenkin (Harwich and North Essex), Andrea Jenkyns (Morley and Outwood), Robert Jenrick (Newark), Boris Johnson (Uxbridge and South Ruislip), Caroline Johnson (Sleaford and North Hykeham), Gareth Johnson (Dartford), Andrew Jones (Harrogate and Knaresborough), David Jones (Clwyd West), Daniel Kawczynski (Shrewsbury and Atcham), Julian Knight (Solihull), Greg Knight (East Yorkshire), Kwasi Kwarteng (Spelthorne), John Lamont (Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk), Mark Lancaster (Milton Keynes North), Pauline Latham (Mid Derbyshire), Andrea Leadsom (South Northamptonshire), Andrew Lewer (Northampton South), Ian Liddell-Grainger (Bridgwater and West Somerset), Julia Lopez (Hornchurch and Upminster), Jack Lopresti (Filton and Bradley Stoke), Jonathan Lord (Woking), Tim Loughton (East Worthing and Shoreham), Craig Mackinlay (South Thanet), Rachel Maclean (Redditch), Kit Malthouse (North West Hampshire), Scott Mann (North Cornwall), Paul Maynard (Blackpool North and Cleveleys), Patrick McLoughlin (Derbyshire Dales), Esther McVey (Tatton), Mark Menzies (Fylde), Stephen Metcalfe (South Basildon and East Thurrock), Maria Miller (Basingstoke), Nigel Mills (Amber Valley), Andrew Mitchell (Sutton Coldfield), Penny Mordaunt (Portsmouth North), Nicky Morgan (Loughborough), Sheryll Murray (South East Cornwall), Andrew Murrison (South West Wiltshire), Neil Parish (Tiverton and Honiton), Priti Patel (Witham), Owen Paterson (North Shropshire), Mike Penning (Hemel Hempstead), John Penrose (Weston-super-Mare), Chris Philp (Croydon South), Dan Poulter (Central Suffolk and North Ipswich), Mark Prisk (Hertford and Stortford), Tom Pursglove (Corby), Will Quince (Colchester), Dominic Raab (Esher and Walton), Jacob Rees-Mogg (North East Somerset), Laurence Robertson (Tewkesbury), Mary Robinson (Cheadle), Andrew Rosindell (Romford), Lee Rowley (North East Derbyshire), Paul Scully (Sutton and Cheam), Bob Seely (Isle of Wight), Andrew Selous (South West Bedfordshire), Grant Shapps (Welwyn Hatfield), Alec Shelbrooke (Elmet and Rothwell), Henry Smith (Crawley), Royston Smith (Southampton, Itchen), Bob Stewart (Beckenham), Iain Stewart (Milton Keynes South), Julian Sturdy (York Outer), Rishi Sunak (Richmond (Yorks)), Desmond Swayne (New Forest West), Hugo Swire (East Devon), Derek Thomas (St Ives), Ross Thomson (Aberdeen South), Justin Tomlinson (North Swindon), Michael Tomlinson (Mid Dorset and North Poole), Craig Tracey (North Warwickshire), Theresa Villiers (Chipping Barnet), Charles Walker (Broxbourne), Ben Wallace (Wyre and Preston North), David Warburton (Somerton and Frome), Helen Whately (Faversham and Mid Kent), Heather Wheeler (South Derbyshire), John Whittingdale (Maldon), Gavin Williamson (South Staffordshire), William Wragg (Hazel Grove), Nadhim Zahawi (Stratford-on-Avon).

Labour MPs were whipped to vote against. But four of them voted for. They were: Ronnie Campbell (Blyth Valley), Kate Hoey (Vauxhall), Dennis Skinner (Bolsover), Graham Stringer (Blackley and Broughton).

And 66 Tories voted against the amendment.

They were: Richard Bacon (South Norfolk), Guto Bebb (Aberconwy), Nick Boles (Grantham and Stamford), Jack Brereton (Stoke-on-Trent South), Steve Brine (Winchester), Alistair Burt (North East Bedfordshire), James Cartlidge (South Suffolk), Alex Chalk (Cheltenham), Jo Churchill (Bury St Edmunds), Greg Clark (Tunbridge Wells), Kenneth Clarke (Rushcliffe), Stephen Crabb (Preseli Pembrokeshire), Tracey Crouch (Chatham and Aylesford), Jonathan Djanogly (Huntingdon), Jackie Doyle-Price (Thurrock), Mark Field (Cities of London and Westminster), Vicky Ford (Chelmsford), Kevin Foster (Torbay), Roger Gale (North Thanet), David Gauke (South West Hertfordshire), Nick Gibb (Bognor Regis and Littlehampton), Bill Grant (Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock), Justine Greening (Putney), Dominic Grieve (Beaconsfield), Andrew Griffiths (Burton), Sam Gyimah (East Surrey), Luke Hall (Thornbury and Yate), Richard Harrington (Watford), Oliver Heald (North East Hertfordshire), Peter Heaton-Jones (North Devon), Simon Hoare (North Dorset), Philip Hollobone (Kettering), John Howell (Henley), Nigel Huddleston (Mid Worcestershire), Margot James (Stourbridge), Marcus Jones (Nuneaton), Phillip Lee (Bracknell), Oliver Letwin (West Dorset), David Lidington (Aylesbury), Alan Mak (Havant), Paul Masterton (East Renfrewshire), Johnny Mercer (Plymouth, Moor View), Huw Merriman (Bexhill and Battle), Anne Milton (Guildford), Damien Moore (Southport), Anne Marie Morris (Newton Abbot), David Morris (Morecambe and Lunesdale), James Morris (Halesowen and Rowley Regis), Robert Neill (Bromley and Chislehurst), Andrew Percy (Brigg and Goole), Claire Perry (Devizes), Victoria Prentis (Banbury), Mark Pritchard (The Wrekin), Douglas Ross (Moray), Amber Rudd (Hastings and Rye), Antoinette Sandbach (Eddisbury), Chloe Smith (Norwich North), Nicholas Soames (Mid Sussex), Caroline Spelman (Meriden), Rory Stewart (Penrith and The Border), Gary Streeter (South West Devon), Kelly Tolhurst (Rochester and Strood), Edward Vaizey (Wantage), Matt Warman (Boston and Skegness), Giles Watling (Clacton), Mike Wood (Dudley South).

The main motion, as amended

Tory MPs were whipped to vote against. But 17 of them voted in favour.

They were: Guto Bebb (Aberconwy), Richard Benyon (Newbury), Nick Boles (Grantham and Stamford), Kenneth Clarke (Rushcliffe), Jonathan Djanogly (Huntingdon), George Freeman (Mid Norfolk), Justine Greening (Putney), Dominic Grieve (Beaconsfield), Sam Gyimah (East Surrey), Phillip Lee (Bracknell), Oliver Letwin (West Dorset), Paul Masterton (East Renfrewshire), Sarah Newton (Truro and Falmouth), Mark Pawsey (Rugby), Antoinette Sandbach (Eddisbury), Nicholas Soames (Mid Sussex), Edward Vaizey (Wantage).

And the following 11 Conservatives, who are members of the government did not vote.

Solicitor General Robert Buckland, Foreign Office minister Alistair Burt, Business Secretary Greg Clark, Defence minister Tobias Ellwood, Justice Secretary David Gauke, Business minister Richard Harrington, Culture minister Margot James, Education minister Anne Milton, Scottish Secretary David Mundell, Business minister Claire Perry and Work and Pensions Secretary Amber Rudd.

Labour MPs were whipped to vote in favour. But two of them voted against: Stephen Hepburn and Kate Hoey.

Updated

The pound just briefly hit a 22-month high against the euro, over €1.18 for the first time since May 2017. It also extended its gains against the US dollar to a nine-month high of $1.3380, before dipping back.

Updated

Tonight’s drama in parliament has driven the pound up to a two-week high against the dollar.

Sterling has just hit $1.33 for the first time since 28th February. That’s a gain of over two cents, or 1.8%, as the currency enjoys its best day of 2019.

As you can see, the pound’s having a volatile week - rising on Monday as Theresa May headed for talks with Jean-Claude Juncker, then plunging on Tuesday when attorney general Cox didn’t change his legal advice on the backstop.

Naeem Aslam of City firm Think Markets says traders are relieved that MPs voted not to accept no deal tonight. However....

The fact is that it is comforting to know that no deal Brexit scenario is off the table, but at the same time there is no table. This is because May’s party is in more disarray and Brexit has become a laughing matter for everyone.

Here is a Guardian guide to how MPs voted on the main motion (as amended) tonight.

This is from my colleague Dan Sabbagh, who has been at the Downing Street briefing.

Here is the text of the government motion being debated tomorrow.

The division lists for tonight’s three votes should be on the Commons website here (although it has been crashing).

This is from Alasdair de Costa at the Institute for Government showing how cabinet ministers voted on the main motion.

What May said about MPs having to pass deal or face long Brexit delay

Here is the key passage from Theresa May’s statement responding to the two defeats tonight.

The motion we will table [tomorrow] will set out the fundamental choice facing this house.

If the house finds a way in the coming days to support a deal, it would allow the government to seek a short limited technical extension to article 50 to provide time to pass the necessary legislation and ratify the agreement we have reached with the EU.

But let me be clear, such a short technical extension is only likely to be on offer if we have a deal in place.

Therefore, the house has to understand and accept that, if it is not willing to support a deal in the coming days, and as it is not willing to support leaving without a deal on 29 March, then it is suggesting that there will need to be a much longer extension to article 50. Such an extension would undoubtedly require the United Kingdom to hold European parliament elections in May 2019.

I do not think that would be the right outcome.

But the house needs to face up to the consequences of the decisions it has taken.

Updated

May will tell MPs to pass deal by next Wednesday or face long Brexit deal, Commons told

John Bercow, the speaker, is reading out the motion for tomorrow.

  • The government motion tabled for tomorrow sets next Wednesday as the deadline for MPs to pass a Brexit deal. It says, if a deal is passed by then, the government will seek an extension of article 50 until 30 June. But if the deal is not passed by then, then the government will need a longer extension, requiring the UK to take part in European elections, the motion says.

Bercow stresses that the motion will be amendable.

This is from the BBC’s Adam Fleming.

Hilary Benn, the Labour chair of the Commons Brexit committee, says he agrees with May about the need for the Commons to show it is in favour of something. He says the government should hold indicative votes, as his committee proposes.

Jacob Rees-Mogg, the Tory Brexiter, asks the speaker to confirm that a motion of the house does not override statute law.

John Bercow, the speaker, confirms that is the case.

Updated

Jeremy Corbyn says May must work with MPs to find a solution to Brexit.

May tells MPs if they do not back Brexit deal soon, she will have to seek a long article 50 extension

Theresa May is speaking now.

She says tonight’s vote does not change the fundamental problem; if MPs want to rule out no deal, they must vote for a deal, she says.

She says she has promised a vote on extending article 50. Andrea Leadsom, the leader of the Commons, will soon make a business statement confirming that this will happen on Thursday.

If MPs back a deal soon, the government will seek a short, technical extension of article 50.

But if MPs do not vote for a deal, and do not want a no-deal Brexit, there will have to be a longer extension. And that would require the UK to take part in the European elections.

  • May says, if MPs do not vote for a Brexit deal soon, she will have to seek a long article 50 extension, which would mean the UK having to take party in the European elections.

Updated

May suffers second defeat as MPs vote to rule out no-deal Brexit by majority of 43

Theresa May has lost again, but this time by a much bigger margin. MPs voted by 321 to 278 in favour of the motion ruling out a no-deal Brexit – a majority of 43.

Updated

From the Telegraph’s Steven Swinford

This is from the Telegraph’s Anna Mikhailova.

This is from the SNP’s Hannah Bardell.

Here are some Labour MPs on the vote.

From the BBC’s Laura Kuenssberg

MPs are now voting on the main motion, as amended.

But this is basically a re-run of the first vote. The result is likely to be very similar although it is possible that, because some MPs may not have expected Spelman to win first time round, they might vote differently now.

MPs reject Malthouse compromise amendment by majority of 210

The Malthouse compromise amendment has been defeated by 374 votes to 164 - a majority of 210.

This is from Newsnight’s Nicholas Watt.

After the vote on the Green amendment, we should get a vote on the main motion as amended - ie, potentially a combination of Spelman and Green.

Updated

Why the no-deal amendment does not definitely rule out no deal

It is important to stress, of course, that the Spelman amendment passed a few minutes ago does not definitely rule out a no-deal Brexit.

There are two reasons for that.

First, it is not a binding amendment. It is not legislation, and it is not a motion that gives a formal instruction to the government as “humble address” motions do.

The government could choose to accept it, and treat it as binding, but it has not said yet that it will. And even if it did ...

Second, it is not within the government’s power to rule out no deal (in the terms of the motion) because it does not call for article 50 to be revoked, which would probably require separate legislation anyway. Caroline Spelman and Jack Dromey, who tabled it, intended it to signal that ministers should extend article 50 in the event of no deal being agreed. But, as Theresa May says repeatedly, that only postpones the problem.

Updated

MPs are now voting on the Green amendment (aka the Malthouse compromise one).

This is what it says.

At end, add “; notes the steps taken by the government, the EU and its member states to minimise any disruption that may occur should the UK leave the EU without an agreed withdrawal agreement and proposes that the government should build on this work as follows:

1. That the government should publish the UK’s day one tariff schedules immediately;

2. To allow businesses to prepare for the operation of those tariffs, that the government should seek an extension of the article 50 process to 10.59pm on 22 May 2019, at which point the UK would leave the EU;

3. Thereafter, in a spirit of co-operation and in order to begin discussions on the future relationship, the government should offer a further set of mutual standstill agreements with the EU and member states for an agreed period ending no later than 30 December 2021, during which period the UK would pay an agreed sum equivalent to its net EU contributions and satisfy its other public international law obligations; and

4. The government should unilaterally guarantee the rights of EU citizens resident in the UK.”

May suffers fresh defeat as MPs vote to rule out no-deal Brexit for good by majority of four

Theresa May has been defeated by four votes, because MPs have backed the Spelman amendment ruling out a no-deal Brexit for good by 312 votes to 308.

Theresa May’s decision to allow Tories a free vote on the main motion, and on the Malthouse compromise one, is in line with a proposal she made when she was shadow leader of the Commons in 2003, the Hansard Society’s Ruth Fox has just pointed out on the BBC.

Here is Yvette Cooper on why she pushed the amendment to a vote.

The Labour MP Debbie Abrahams thinks the Spelman amendment will be defeated.

If that is right, it will be because Tory MPs who voted for it in January won’t vote for it tonight – because they think it is more important for the government motion to be passed by a huge majority (which would be a snub to the hard Brexiters).

To get that result, they have to defeat Spelman, because if Spelman were to pass, there would be no vote on the motion, which it would replace.

Updated

This amendment is word-for-word the same as one passed by the Commons in January, after the first Brexit “next steps” vote. It was passed by 318 votes to 310 – a majority of eight.

Here is the list of 17 Tory rebels who voted for this amendment in January: Heidi Allen (South Cambridgeshire), Guto Bebb (Aberconwy), Nick Boles (Grantham and Stamford), Kenneth Clarke (Rushcliffe), Jonathan Djanogly (Huntingdon), Justine Greening (Putney), Dominic Grieve (Beaconsfield), Sam Gyimah (East Surrey), Phillip Lee (Bracknell), Jeremy Lefroy (Stafford), Oliver Letwin (West Dorset), Mark Pawsey (Rugby), Antoinette Sandbach (Eddisbury), Anna Soubry (Broxtowe), Caroline Spelman (Meriden), Edward Vaizey (Wantage), and Sarah Wollaston (Totnes).

And there were three Labour rebels who voted against: Stephen Hepburn (Jarrow), Kate Hoey (Vauxhall), and Graham Stringer (Blackley and Broughton).

Updated

If the Spelman gets passed, there will be no vote on the government motion - because the amendment would replace it.

This is what the Spelman amendment says.

Line 1, leave out from “house” to end and add “rejects the United Kingdom leaving the European Union without a withdrawal agreement and a framework for the future relationship.”

MPs vote on Spelman amendment

John Bercow, the speaker, is putting the amendments to a vote.

He says Caroline Spelman said she did not want to move her amendment, but Yvette Cooper told him that she did want to move the amendment.

Cooper stands up. She starts saying, despite what Liam Fox said in his winding-up speech ...

Bercow says he does not want a speech. He just wants Cooper to move the amendment, which she does.

Fox says the Commons contracted out its decision-making to the people at the time of the referendum. The Commons is honour-bound to accept the result. He says the Lib Dems may not care about the views of the public, but he does.

The British people have given parliament a clear instruction.

It is time for us to determine who is the boss.

Updated

Fox is refusing to take an intervention from Ken Clarke. Labour MPs start jeering at Fox, but Fox continues to refuse to give way. Clarke had longer to speak than he has got, he says.

He says Yvette Cooper earlier said she wanted to know if the result of this vote would mean the UK would not leave the EU on 29 March without an agreement. That is the position, he says. But he says in the longer term the only way to take no deal off the table is to have a deal. Having no Brexit would be even worse, he says.

Liam Fox, the international trade secretary, is winding up for the government.

He says some of those opposed to a no-deal Brexit want to reverse Brexit.

He says the government motion focuses on 29 March. At that point the UK either has to leave with a deal, or leave without a deal, or have an extension.

An extension is not in the gift of the UK. All 27 EU countries would have to agree. And it is not clear what price the EU might extract for an extension.

He says what Labour wants is impossible. It wants to stay in the customs union, but it also wants an independent trade policy. You can’t have both, he says.

He says for much of the debate he did not recognise the country being described. The UK is in control of its own future, he says.

Pennycook says the way the government worded its amendment (see 3.10pm) is unsatisfactory. At worst it is ambiguous, at best it is contradictory.

That is why Labour favours backing the Spelman amendment, he says.

Pennycook asks why any responsible government would contemplate an entirely avoidable act of self-harm.

And it would be a measure that does not have majority public support, he says.

He says, by repeating the mantra “No deal is better than a bad deal”, the government desensitised people to the risks involved.

  • Pennycook says May’s “No deal is better than a bad deal” slogan desensitised people to the risks involved.

Matthew Pennycook, the shadow Brexit minister, is winding up the debate for Labour now.

He says it is hard to overstate how damaging a no-deal Brexit in just over a fortnight would be. It would be “nothing short of a national disaster”, he says.

Government suffers two defeats in House of Lords on Brexit trade bill

The government has suffered two defeats in the House of Lords on the trade bill.

In the first, peers voted by 285 to 184, a majority of 101, in favour of a cross-party amendment tabled by the Labour former Northern Ireland secretary Peter Hain aimed at ensuring the continuation of frictionless trade between Northern Ireland and the Republic and blocking the imposition of customs arrangements or other checks and controls after Brexit day.

Explaining what his amendment would do, Hain said:

It does not place the government in a straight-jacket. All it requires is the very outcome we are all - leave or remain, government or opposition, London or Dublin - supposed to be signed up to. Namely the invisible open border on the island of Ireland we currently have.

And in the second vote, peers voted by 254 to 187, a majority of 67, for a cross-party move to demand that a future trade deal with the EU would include measures that enable “all UK and EU citizens to exercise the same reciprocal rights to work, live and study for the purpose of the provision of trade in goods or services”.

Liz Truss, the chief secretary to the Treasury, told Radio 4’s PM programme this evening that she was “not inclined” to vote for the no-deal Brexit motion tonight. Tories have a free vote, so she does not have to. She said:

I’m going to vote to keep no-deal on the table.

She also said she thought May’s deal was still viable. She explained:

I think it is still alive, I do. Ultimately, when you look at the alternatives - which are a customs union, no Brexit or no-deal - Theresa May’s deal is more attractive than those other three options.

I think that’s the conclusion MPs will ultimately come to.

Updated

Leo Varadkar, the Irish leader, has said that if the UK government did go ahead with its plan to avoid customs checks at the border between Ireland and Northern Ireland in the event of a no-deal Brexit, it would soon end up having to set up a backstop-type arrangement anyway. He explained:

I don’t think the UK’s proposals will be workable for very long. They propose to treat Northern Ireland differently from the rest of the UK.

Northern Ireland will become a back door to the European single market and I think that in a matter of months that will lead to the need for checks at Northern Ireland’s ports.

So those that opposed the agreement may find that something very akin to the backstop is applied by the UK government in a few weeks’ time.

Updated

Jack Dromey, the Labour MP who jointly tabled the no-deal amendment with Caroline Spelman, has just told Sky News that he does not intend to move the amendment. Earlier Spelman said she would not be moving it either. (See 3.43pm.) Dromey said MPs had already backed the amendment (in January – tonight’s is word-for-word the same) and that what was important tonight was for MPs to vote, by a massive majority, for the government motion, ruling out a no-deal Brexit on 29 March.

Asked if there would be a vote on the motion, Spelman told Sky News she did not know, because any MP who signed it could push for a vote.

But, given what Dromey is saying, and what Yvette Cooper said earlier (see 5.34pm), it looks as though there won’t be a vote on it.

Sky’s Jon Craig tells the programme that Spelman was “nobbled” and that, having decided to whip against the amendment, No 10 did not want a vote because some pro-European ministers would have voted in favour.

Updated

Leading Eurosceptics are lobbying right-of-centre governments in the EU27 to veto any British request for an extension to article 50 to ensure the UK drops out of the EU at the end of the month without a deal, my colleague Patrick Wintour reports. His story goes on:

In theory, only one country is required to wield its veto for any British request to be rejected.

It is highly unlikely this lobbying will succeed as the governments in countries such as Hungary, Italy and Poland have other more important battles to fight with the EU. But the lobbying underlines the precariousness of the British position.

And here it is in full.

Updated

Here are two Europe correspondents on the Malthouse compromise amendment.

From the Telegraph’s Peter Foster

From the Independent’s Jon Stone

Labour’s Jess Phillips is speaking in the debate now. She says she thinks Theresa May is “terrified” of the Brexiters in her party. Sir Nicholas Soames, the Conservative pro-European, intervenes. He says he has studied May, and he thinks May is “respectful” of the Brexiters, not frightened of them. Phillips says Soames knows May better than she does – partly because May does not speak to her, she says – but she insists that May looks like a “rabbit in the headlights” in her dealings with the Brexiters.

Updated

The Labour MP Yvette Cooper is speaking now. Heidi Allen, the Independent Group MP, asks Cooper if she will move the Spelman amendment herself in the light of the fact that Caroline Spelman won’t move it. (See 5.20pm.) Cooper says she will listen to what Liam Fox, the international trade secretary, says in his winding-up speech. If it is put to a vote, she will support it, she says. But she says tonight is about ruling out a no-deal Brexit on 29 March.

Damian Green, the Tory former first secretary of state, is speaking now. He has tabled what is known as the Malthouse compromise amendment. (See 3.10pm.)

Referring to the most controversial part of the amendment, paragraph 3, he acknowledges that Michel Barnier, the EU’s chief Brexit negotiator, has said this proposal (a transition without the UK having to agree to the backstop, basically) is unacceptable. But he says if the government just did everything Barnier said, it would never get anywhere.

He urges MPs to back the amendment, saying it offers a way forward.

Updated

This is from my colleague Jessica Elgot on the Spelman amendment. (See 5.20pm.)

May risks further blow as Bercow dismisses attempt to stop vote on hostile no-deal amendment

Spelman says she is going to withdraw her amendment.

She says that that is because it is more important to have a big vote for a no-deal amendment (ie, a big majority for the government motion) than for her to carry on with an amendment already passed in January.

So she will withdraw her amendment, she says.

John Bercow, the Speaker, intervenes. He says she cannot withdraw it. It is being debated, and it is in the hands of the house. He says that she can choose not to move it. But other signatories to it could move it, he says.

She can’t withdraw her amendment, her amendment hasn’t yet been moved - her amendment is frankly in the hands of the House of Commons.

If [Spelman] puts forward an amendment and chooses not to move it, that’s for her judgment and people will make their own assessment of that, but it’s perfectly possible for other signatories to it who do stick with the wish to persist with it to do so.

  • Bercow dismisses Tory attempt to cancel a vote on a no-deal amendment embarrassing to the government.

This is awkward for Theresa May because the government motion would have been carried overwhelmingly, without the Conservative party splitting. But if the Spelman amendment is moved by one of the other signatories, as seems likely (Labour MPs Jack Dromey and Yvette Cooper are among those who have signed it), there probably will be a Tory split.

Updated

Dame Caroline Spelman, the Conservative who has tabled the amendment ruling out a no-deal Brexit, is speaking now.

Hopefully she will address reports that the government whips are trying to get her to pull her amendment.

This is from the Telegraph’s Jack Maidment.

Earlier John Bercow, the Speaker, said that at some point in the future he could end up having to rule on whether to allow another vote on the PM’s deal - or whether to block it on the grounds that parliamentary rules say the Commons should not be asked to vote on a matter it has already considered. (See 3.43pm.)

Sky’s Lewis Goodall points out that this could end up being explosive. He has more detail here.

Updated

Stephen Gethins, the SNP’s Europe spokesman, is speaking in the debate now. He says that a no-deal Brexit should have been ruled out straight after the referendum. The Scottish government brought together experts to come up with a compromise plan for Brexit, he says. But the UK government failed to do this, he says.

The Green MP Caroline Lucas says going for a no-deal Brexit is the action of a rogue state. Gethins agrees.

Updated

Nicky Morgan, who used to be seen as one of the most pro-European backbenchers in the Conservative party, has told Sky News that she won’t vote for the Spelman amendment. (See 3.10pm.)

The Telegraph’s Christopher Hope thinks he know why.

Updated

The Labour MP Emma Reynolds has said she welcomes Michael Gove’s hint that the government could support MPs being given indicative votes on Brexit. (See 3.57pm.)

The FT’s Sebastian Payne says the Tory MP Sir Oliver Letwin and Labour’s Yvette Cooper are planning an indicative votes amendment for tomorrow.

Updated

Here is George Osborne, the Evening Standard editor and former chancellor, on Philip Hammond’s call in his spring statement speech for consensus on Brexit. (See 1.36pm.)

The BBC’s Laura Kuenssberg has written a blog about Hammond comment too. Here’s an extract.

The PM could compromise to get a hypothetical softer Brexit through the Commons - but days later find out that she could no longer govern.

In this febrile atmosphere when the chancellor makes a call, as he has just done, for a “consensus” across parliament to find a way out of this hole, he is also hinting very publicly to the prime minister that it might be time now to think about making that sacrifice.

It’s important to remember that Mr Hammond’s preferred option all along has been to back the prime minister’s deal, to try to get it through.

But a mild-sounding call for compromise just now, is not necessarily politically mild at all.

In the debate Ken Clarke, the Tory pro-European, is speaking in the debate now. He is restating his support for a Norway plus Brexit.

Gove says no-deal Brexit could lead to return of direct rule in Northern Ireland

In his speech opening the debate Michael Gove, the environment secretary, said a no-deal Brexit could lead to the re-introduction of direct rule in Northern Ireland.

He was responding to Sylvia Hermon, the independent MP from North Down, who asked Gove if he agreed MPs, including the DUP, should give “due weight to the serious warning” issued by the head of the Northern Ireland civil service, David Sterling, about no deal.

Gove said Hermon was “absolutely 100% totally right”. He said legislation issued by the Westminster government to empower Northern Ireland’s civil servants to take decisions was “sustainable at the moment”. But, he went on:

It is also clear that the current situation with no executive would be very, very difficult to sustain in the uniquely challenging context of a no-deal exit.

Now we, in the circumstances that the house has voted for no deal, would have to start formal engagement with the Irish government about further arrangements for providing strengthened decision-making in the event of that outcome, and that would include the very real possibility of imposing a form of direct rule.

Now that is a grave step and experience shows us it’s very hard to return from that step, and it’d be especially difficult in the context of no deal.

Updated

Starmer ends his speech by saying that he hopes the vote tonight will “bury no deal so deep that it never resurfaces”.

Updated

Here is the BBC’s Laura Kuenssberg on Gove’s suggestion that the government could back “indicative votes” on Brexit alternatives. (See 3.57pm.)

Labour’s Ben Bradshaw asks Starmer to reaffirm Labour’s commitment to a public vote.

Starmer says he can do so. The Labour manifesto said it would accept the referendum result. But it also said it would not accept May’s red lines.

Labour lost that election, he says.

He says the goverment is in a “hopeless” position.

The PM’s red lines, and no deal – the two things Labour rejected in its manifesto – are still on the table, he says. He says that is why a people’s vote is still on the table.

Anna Soubry asks if Labour will support a people’s vote now.

Stamer says Corbyn said two weeks ago Labour would table an amendment, or support one. That remains the position, he says.

Updated

Sir Keir Starmer, the shadow Brexit secretary, is responding to Gove in the Brexit debate.

The Tory Brexiter Mark Francois intervenes to say Gove implied the government will bring May’s deal back to the Commons for a third meaningful vote. He says he is willing to bet Starmer £50 that that vote will take place on Tuesday 26 March.

Starmer says he does not gamble.

Turning to Gove’s speech, Starmer says Gove was blaming the opposition for the failure of May’s deal.

But the government has failed to reach out to other parties to find a plan acceptable to the Commons, he says.

Updated

Parliament 'divorced from reality', EU's deputy Brexit negotiator tells ambassadors

The EU’s deputy Brexit negotiator Sabine Weyand has said MPs’ decision to resurrect plans already rejected by Brussels countless times shows that parliament is “divorced from reality”.

Speaking at a closed-door meeting of EU ambassadors this morning, Weyand made the tart observation about the Malthouse compromise - a variant of plans rejected by Brussels numerous times.

Quoting private remarks by the Dutch prime minister, Mark Rutte, Weyand also said the decision to vote for no-deal was “like the Titanic voting for the iceberg to get out of the way”.

Officials have voiced astonishment that Theresa May is allowing a free vote on no-deal, rather than seeking to defend the Brexit agreement painstakingly negotiated with the EU over 20 months. One senior source told the Guardian the decision to hold a free vote was “incredible”.

Weyand, an architect of the Strasbourg assurances hammered out on Monday, said that the second historic defeat for May’s deal showed that “a short technical extension” of talks could now be ruled out.

But EU member states do not share this view. France and Germany are among several countries who want to see flexibility, although they share concerns about a long-drawn-out Brexit distracting the EU when it has numerous economic and foreign policy questions jostling for attention.

The ambassadors concluded that the highly political question of extending Brexit talks could only be decided by EU leaders, who will assess the question at a summit next Thursday (21 March). Insiders expect the decision will be taken on Thursday by leaders, rather than pre-cooked in advance by their officials.

If MPs vote for an extension on Thursday, a critical period of diplomacy will begin. Donald Tusk, the president of the European council, will meet the Dutch prime minister Mark Rutte on Friday, Angela Merkel and Emmanuel Macron on Monday, Leo Varadkar on Tuesday.

While various extension times have been mooted - from five weeks to 21 months - there has never been a default position. Insiders stress the decision will depend on what the UK asks for.

But there is growing impatience with the UK - one ambassador asked why the EU had to assess complicated scenarios, when the British government could revoke article 50.

Many EU diplomats and officials think a short extension - two to three months - would be pointless, while not lessening the distraction of Brexit. “The shorter the extension, the more likely it is going to stay on the European agenda,” said one diplomat, from a country that favours a flexible approach.

But others are talking tough, while the debate in parliament has not enhanced confidence in the British political system.

“The damage is done. We know they are still putting party before country and humouring people who believe in fairies,” said one source, referring to the revived Malthouse compromise. “There was a feeling ‘wouldn’t it be better to have a dose of no deal to bring some sanity to the debate?’”

But there is also wariness of no-deal Brexit and several ambassadors refused to accept a commission proposal that a second extension would be ruled out.

This is what Michael Gove said in his response to Emma Reynolds, when she asked about indicative votes:

I think that, depending on how the house votes today, we may have an opportunity to vote on that proposition tomorrow. But one of the things that I think is important is that we, as quickly as we possibly can, find consensus.

Updated

Gove suggests government could support MPs being given indicative votes on Brexit alternatives

Labour’s Emma Reynolds asks why the government won’t agree to indicative votes, as the Brexit committee recommends. (See 2.49pm.)

Gove says he thinks there could be a vote on this tomorrow. He goes on to say that, if a no-deal Brexit is rejected tonight, it will be important to “find consensus” as quickly as possible.

  • Gove suggests government may support MPs being given indicative votes on Brexit alternatives. Echoing what Philip Hammond said earlier (see 1.36pm and 2.24pm.)

Ken Clarke, the Tory pro-European, asks if the government will revoke article 50 if the EU refuses to extend article 50.

Gove says the UK cannot revoke article 50 and then trigger it again. The European court of justice has said that is not allowed, he says.

Updated

Labour’s Hilary Benn asks why it is democratic to keep asking MPs to vote on the same idea, but undemocratic to ask the public if they want to change their mind.

Gove claims the deal being voted on last night was significantly different from the one voted on in January.

And he says Labour originally opposed a second referendum.

Bercow says at some point he may have to rule on whether Commons procedure allows repeat vote on May’s deal

Gove says May’s deal got more votes last night than it did in January.

He says MPs cannot dodge choices.

Labour’s Angela Eagle rises to make a point of order. She says Gove has made it clear that the government intends to put the same motion to the Commons again and again. Is that allowed?

John Bercow, the Speaker, says there are precedents for this. But he says at some point in the future he might have to rule on it.

  • Bercow says at some point he may have to rule on whether Commons procedure allows a repeat vote on May’s deal.

Gove says it is now make-your-mind-up time for the Commons.

Updated

Labour’s Yvette Cooper asks Gove to confirm that, if the government motion is approved, the UK won’t leave the EU on 29 March without a deal.

Gove says that that is what the motion is designed to prevent.

Gove says the government motion does not take no deal off the table. The only way you can do that is by passing a deal, or revoking article 50, he says.

The SNP’s Stewart McDonald says Gove is one of the senior authors of the mess he has just described. (See 3.24pm.) Does he feel any sense of responsibility? Will he apologise?

Gove says he voted for the deal last night. The SNP did not. He accuses the SNP of sectional posturing.

Gove says farmers would face “very, very challenging circumstances” in the event of a no-deal Brexit.

He says many businesses have made the preparations necessary to be able to carry on trading with the EU in the event of a no-deal Brexit.

The government can do many things to mitigate against the impact of no deal, he says.

But he says the UK cannot tell the EU what tariffs it must impose, and it cannot tell ports such as Calais what checks they should and should not impose.

Updated

Dominic Grieve, the Conservative former attorney general, asks Gove to confirm that, if the government motion is passed, it will amend the EU Withdrawal Act to amend the date of Brexit.

Gove says May has given that commitment.

Labour’s Ben Bradshaw says May promised free votes last night. So why are Tory MPs getting a free vote on Green, but not on Spelman.

Gove says Labour should give its MPs a free vote too.

Gove says, following the defeat of Theresa May’s deal, MPs face a number of unattractive choices.

All are worse than May’s deal, he says.

Anna Soubry, the former Tory who is now an Independent Group MP, says Gove has confirmed that the government motion does not take the no-deal option off the table. But MPs were told they would get a vote today on taking no deal off the table. She asks Gove to confirm that Tory MPs are getting a free vote on the Green amendment, but are being told to vote against the Spelman amendment. She suggests that Spelman will not push her amendment to a vote because of the government’s stance.

Updated

Michael Gove, the environment secretary, is opening the debate.

He starts with a tribute to Theresa May. Here is some commentary from political journalists.

Full text of government motion and two amendments to be put to vote

John Bercow, the Speaker, says he is calling two amendments - Caroline Spelman’s and Damian Green’s (the Malthouse compromise one).

Here is the government motion.

That this house declines to approve leaving the European Union without a withdrawal agreement and a framework for the future relationship on 29 March 2019; and notes that leaving without a deal remains the default in UK and EU law unless this house and the EU ratify an agreement.

Here is the Spelman amendment.

Line 1, leave out from “house” to end and add “rejects the United Kingdom leaving the European Union without a withdrawal agreement and a framework for the future relationship.”

This is word-for-word the same as the amendment passed by MPs at the end of January, by a majority of eight.

And here is the Green amendment.

At end, add “; notes the steps taken by the government, the EU and its member states to minimise any disruption that may occur should the UK leave the EU without an agreed withdrawal agreement and proposes that the government should build on this work as follows:

1. That the government should publish the UK’s day one tariff schedules immediately;

2. To allow businesses to prepare for the operation of those tariffs, that the government should seek an extension of the article 50 process to 10.59pm on 22 May 2019, at which point the UK would leave the EU;

3. Thereafter, in a spirit of co-operation and in order to begin discussions on the future relationship, the government should offer a further set of mutual standstill agreements with the EU and member states for an agreed period ending no later than 30 December 2021, during which period the UK would pay an agreed sum equivalent to its net EU contributions and satisfy its other public international law obligations; and

4. The government should unilaterally guarantee the rights of EU citizens resident in the UK.”

Updated

This is what a Treasury source said about suggestions that Philip Hammond’s comments at the end of his spring statement speech (see 1.36pm) implied he was not backing Theresa May’s Brexit deal. The source said:

[Hammond] has been very clear that he supports the PM’s deal but he has also been saying for months that compromise is how we get through this and he is calling for compromise.

MPs debate no-deal Brexit

The debate on a no-deal Brexit will start soon, after a 10-minute rule bill.

Tom Brake, the Lib Dem spokesman, starts with a point of order. He says some MPs may have business interests that would benefit from a no-deal Brexit leading to a fall in the pound. Should they have to declare this?

John Bercow, the Speaker, says MPs have to declare their interests in the register.

Updated

The Commons Brexit committee has released a short, emergency report following last night’s vote, renewing its call for indicative votes in the Commons on future Brexit options. Hilary Benn, the committee chair, said:

After another historic defeat for the prime minister, the UK will now have to apply for an extension to article 50. The extension will need to be of sufficient length to allow parliament to reach agreement on a proposal that it is prepared to support.

The clock has now been run down to the point where there is no alternative left given that leaving with no deal cannot be the policy of any responsible government.

Parliament must now be given the chance to hold a series of indicative votes as quickly as possible or else we will not find out what there might be support for as an alternative to the prime minister’s deal which has now been rejected twice by large majorities.

This is from Business Insider’s Adam Bienkov, with a line from the Number 10 briefing.

This is from the Sun’s Tom Newton Dunn.

(Presumably these would be the same Brexiters who make the point that Commons motions are not binding, eg, Jacob Rees-Mogg at 8.56am.)

UPDATE: And this is from the FT’s Laura Hughes.

Updated

Figures released by the National Records of Scotland today, showing that the birth rate across the country has fallen to its lowest level since civil registration began in 1855, sharpen concerns about the impact of Brexit on the country’s significant demographic challenges.

The predictions are pretty stark – all of Scotland’s population growth over the next 25 years is projected to come from migration. But a recent report from an independent expert panel warned that changes set out in the Westminster government’s white paper could reduce net migration to Scotland by 50% over the coming two decades. The report also found that if the UK government ends free movement Scotland’s working-age population could decline by up to 5%, noting that 63% of workers in Scotland earn less than the proposed £30,000 post-Brexit salary threshold for skilled immigrants, with sectors sicj as textiles, social care, leisure and travel worst affected.

It’s hard to overstate how concerned businesses are about post-Brexit staffing, especially in the care and tourism sectors and those based in the Highlands.

Meanwhile, the first minister, Nicola Sturgeon, has today announced £2m for Brexit support grants, previously only open to exporters, to help small and medium-sized businesses prepare for leaving the EU.

Updated

The Daily Mail’s political editor, Jason Groves, thinks that Philip Hammond’s comment at the end of his spring statement speech (see 1.36pm), combined with what Stephen Barclay has been saying today, suggests the government is moving towards “indicative votes” - allowing the Commons to vote on a series of Brexit options.

Rupert Harrison, who worked as George Osborne’s chief of staff when Osborne was chancellor, says he thought that was implied in what Theresa May said last night, after her deal was defeated.

For the record, this is what May said last night.

But let me be clear. Voting against leaving without a deal and for an extension does not solve the problems we face.

The EU will want to know what use we mean to make of such an extension.

This house will have to answer that question. Does it wish to revoke article 50? Does it want to hold a second referendum? Or does it want to leave with a deal but not this deal?

These are unenviable choices, but thanks to the decision the house has made this evening they must now be faced.

Updated

This is from Guy Verhofstadt, the European parliament’s lead Brexit spokesman, commenting on an Instagram post from Donald Tusk, the European council president.

Theresa May was due to open the Brexit debate today, but Michael Gove, the environment secretary, is going to do it instead. Given the state of her voice, that’s understandable.

Hammond calls for 'consensus' on leaving EU, hinting he wants government to back softer Brexit

At the end of his spring statement speech Philip Hammond, the chancellor, urged MPs to build a “consensus” around Brexit. He said:

Last night’s events mean we are not where I hoped we would be today. Our economy is fundamentally robust. But the uncertainty that I hoped we would lift last night, still hangs over us. We cannot allow that to continue.

It is damaging our economy and it is damaging our standing and reputation in the world.

Tonight, we have a choice: we can remove the threat of an imminent no-deal exit hanging over our economy.

Tomorrow, we will have the opportunity to start to map out a way forward towards building a consensus across this house for a deal we can, collectively support, to exit the EU in an orderly way.

Hammond referred to “a deal” that MPs could support, not “the deal” put forward by Theresa May. It was a very strong hint that he would like the government to pivot towards a softer Brexit, which would potentially involve a Norway-style Brexit passing with Labour support.

Updated

Hammond has also managed a Brexit joke. Announcing money for a new super-computer at Edinburgh University, which will be five times faster than the existing one, he says that, with the right algorithms, it might even be able to come up with a solution to the Northern Irish backstop.

Updated

Here is some Twitter comment on Philip Hammond’s no-deal warnings.

From the BBC’s Laura Kuenssberg

From CityAM’s Owen Bennett

From the Sun’s Tom Newton Dunn

From the Guardian’s Richard Partington

From Sky’s Beth Rigby

Hammond says no-deal Brexit would lead to lower growth, higher unemployment and higher prices

In his spring statement Philip Hammond, the chancellor, says that if there is a Brexit deal, he will launch a three-year spending review before the summer.

But he says a no-deal Brexit would deliver “a significant short- to medium-term reduction in the productive capacity of the the British economy”.

He says it would lead to lower growth, higher unemployment and higher prices.

Updated

During PMQs Theresa May accused Jeremy Corbyn of not referring to Labour’s second referendum commitment in the Commons yesterday.

Labour’s Dawn Butler has accused her of lying, because Corbyn did refer to the policy in his main speech.

But, as HuffPost’s Paul Waugh points out, May seemed to be referring to the fact that Corbyn did not mention a public vote in his statement to MPs after May’s deal was defeated.

The Brexit debate is due to start at around 3.30pm. Theresa May will be opening it. It will run until 7pm, when MPs will vote.

There are six amendments on the order paper (pdf). And two more manuscript amendments have been tabled.

PMQs is now over. And Philip Hammond, the chancellor, is about to deliver his spring statement.

I will cover any Brexit-related news from the statement, but our main coverage of the statement will be on my colleague Graeme Wearden’s business live blog.

The Tory MP Alberto Costa says the media call his place a failing parliament. But there was nothing failing when it passed his amendment on the rights of British citizens in the EU three weeks ago. What has May done to get EU leaders to agree to this?

May says she has spoken to a number of EU leaders about this.

Mark Pawsey, a Conservative, asks about Rugby council’s housebuilding programme. May says she is please to hear it is providing more homes.

Mark Francois, the Tory Brexiter, says on 29 January the Commons, and most Tory MPs, voted for the Brady amendment (saying the backstop should be replaced). Brady was designed to facilitate the Malthouse compromise. If the Malthouse compromise amendment is called later, will Tories get a free vote, and how will May herself vote?

May says she addressed this earlier. (See 12.33pm.) She says her agreement with the EU says alternative arrangements for the backstop should be worked up. That is what Malthouse was asking for, she says.

The Tory MP David Tredinnick asks May if Labour should allow a free vote on no deal tonight.

May says it would be better if all MPs had a free vote.

The Tory MP Peter Bone asked May about the Malthouse compromise amendment. In her response, May said the government had already accepted two of its four demands (1 and 4 - see 11.22am for the full text) and that MPs were getting a vote on an article 50 extension. But on the key demand (number 3), she said it was unacceptable to the EU.

PMQs - Snap verdict

PMQs - Snap verdict: Profoundly uninspiring. There are times during national crisis when parliamentarians rise to the occasion. But there was no sign of that in those PMQs exchanges. Jeremy Corbyn was absolutely right, of course, when he said that Theresa May’s plan has been decisively rejected, but he did not get very far in challenging May to adopt Labour’s plan and he sounded relatively unengaged considering the seriousness of what is at stake. Although he highlighted some of the horrors of a no-deal Brexit, if anything he probably understated the potential problems, and sounded less passionate about the extent of the mess than he does when he is talking about issues like, say, homelessness or poverty. He restated the case for Labour’s Brexit, but he did not sound like someone poised to drive it through the House of Commons. Still, he had a a better case than May who, partly because of the problems with her voice, was literally pitiful. She had a carefully crafted soundbite (I may have lost my voice, but I understand the voice of the country), but it was not enough to restore her credibility. In the past, May has frequently accused Corbyn of wanting to stop Brexit (a surprise to those who have actually studied his record). But, interestingly, today she seemed to have dropped that line of attack, criticising him at one point for not restating his referendum policy yesterday and at another point highlighting his own Eurosceptic credentials.

Updated

Corbyn says Owen Paterson said during the referendum: “Only a madman would leave the single market”. With May’s deal decisively rejected, what is May now for? Labour’s plan is the only credible show in town.

May says Corbyn says he opposes no deal, but he votes to bring it closer. Labour’s plan has been rejected several times by this house. She says she may not have her own voice, but she understands the voice of the country. People want to leave the EU, end free movement, have their own trade policy, and ensure laws are made in UK courts. Corbyn used to believe in this too. Why is he now against it?

Corbyn says May no longer has the ability to lead. It is rudderless. He says, where the PM has failed, the house needs to listen to the country. He says British citizens face uncertainty. May needs to show leadership. So what is her plan?

May says MPs will vote on no deal today, and then on extending article 50 tomorrow if no deal is rejected. MPs have to make choices. She says Corbyn does not agree with government policy, or even Labour policy. He has nothing to offer this country.

Updated

Corbyn says the CBI have described a no-deal Brexit as as sledgehammer to the economy. Manufacturing is now in recession. May’s deal has been decisively rejected. When will May accept that there must be a negotiated customs union with the EU.

May says the CBI says Labour’s policies would lead to a drop in living standards. Corbyn claims to be in favour of a second referendum. But he did not even refer to that last night.

Corbyn says May’s answer will not reassure people worried about their jobs. Food producers are also in despair. Will she now back close alignment to the single market to back their industry?

May says her deal does include access to the EU on the basis of no tariffs. It would help if Corbyn had read it.

Jeremy Corbyn also sends his condolences to those affected by the crash in Ethiopia.

He says May says the only choice is between her deal and no deal. Last night her deal was finished off. And she will not whip her MPs on no deal. How will she vote?

May says she will vote for the government motion.

  • May confirms she will vote to rule out a no-deal Brexit on 29 March.

Corbyn asks why May is still ambivalent about a no-deal outcome.

May says she wants a deal. Businesses want that too. One thing they worry about more than no deal is a Corbyn government.

John Baron, a Tory Brexiter, says the UK trades with countries outside the EU profitably on WTO terms. Does May accept that a no-deal Brexit is the default position, and better than a bad deal.

May says she wants to leave with a good deal.

Theresa May get a loud cheer when she stands up. But her voice does not seem to have improved since yesterday.

She sends her condolences to those killed in the crash in Ethiopia.

PMQs

PMQs is about to start.

Here is the list of MPs down to ask a question.

Mandelson says government's no-deal customs plans for Ireland 'not serious or sustainable'

And Lord Mandelson, the former Labour trade secretary and former European commissioner, has also criticised the no-deal tariff plan announced by the government this morning. In a statement released by the People’s Vote campaign, he said suspending customs checks in Ireland would be a serious mistake. He said:

Refusing to comply with our responsibilities under international trade law to operate a customs border at any frontier is not a serious or sustainable solution to the problem of a hard border that Brexit - of any variety - threatens.

Today’s ill thought-out proposals on tariffs and customs illustrate the political, economic and reputational risk that the government’s make-it-up-as-we-go-along approach poses to the United Kingdom.

Today the Commons must reject any prospect of a no-deal Brexit and on Thursday they should make sure any extension of the article 50 deadline is used to deliver the clarity about Brexit that has been missing from the last two-and-a-half years of debate.

Ireland ’s agriculture minister has said the UK’s decision to impose high tariffs on beef and cheddar in a no-deal scenario are “potentially a disaster” for Irish farmers.

Michael Creed also said that the logic of introducing a different regime for Northern Ireland defied Brexiter logic and accused the UK of being “selective” about tariffs to put pressure on the Irish to buckle over the backstop. He told RTE radio’s Today with Sean O’Rourke show:

It is interesting in the context of what is published today the UK contemplating bespoke arrangements for Northern Ireland, if we had the bespoke arrangements that are in the withdrawal agreement we would avoid a hard border.

He said the department of agriculture had modelled the impact of a full World Trade Organisation schedule would have add €1.7bn to the costs of products.

Ireland is the fifth largest beef exporter in the world with a trade with 50% of the meat going to the UK, a market worth €2.5 billion (£2.15bn)

Angus Woods, the Irish Farmers Association, national livestock chair told RTE.

The idea that Irish farmers and businesses would be able to pay a tariff and compete with the likes of South American goods into the UK market just wouldn’t work.

It doesn’t take a whole lot, targeting 50 or 60 container loads of the high value steak cuts into the UK market would be enough to drag the whole marketplace down and make it unviable for Irish farmers in the UK market.

Updated

What the Malthouse compromise amendment says

This is what the Malthouse compromise amendment says.

At end, add “; notes the steps taken by the government, the EU and its member states to minimise any disruption that may occur should the UK leave the EU without an agreed withdrawal agreement and proposes that the government should build on this work as follows: 1. That the government should publish the UK’s day one tariff schedules immediately; 2. To allow businesses to prepare for the operation of those tariffs, that the government should seek an extension of the article 50 process to 10.59pm on 22 May 2019, at which point the UK would leave the EU; 3. Thereafter, in a spirit of co-operation and in order to begin discussions on the future relationship, the government should offer a further set of mutual standstill agreements with the EU and member states for an agreed period ending no later than 30 December 2021, during which period the UK would pay an agreed sum equivalent to its net EU contributions and satisfy its other public international law obligations; and 4. The government should unilaterally guarantee the rights of EU citizens resident in the UK.”.

Hardcore Brexitologists will know that the amendment is actually based on the Malthouse compromise plan B. For more on Malthouse, you can read the full text here.

You can read all the amendments today’s motion on the order paper here (pdf). (Or at least all the ones tabled last night - John Bercow, the speaker, said yesterday he would also accept manuscript ones tabled this morning.)

No 10 gives in to pressure from Brexiters and allows free vote on Malthouse compromise amendment

Conservative MPs will get a free vote on the Malthouse compromise amendment, Downing Street has decided. (See 8.55am, 9.11am and 10.32am.)

This is from the BBC’s Norman Smith.

Here is Stewart Jackson, the former Tory MP who was chief of staff to David Davis when he was Brexit secretary, on the Malthouse compromise amendment (see 8.55am, 9.11am and 10.32am.)

Turning back to the government’s announcement about what tariffs would apply in the event of a no-deal Brexit, David Henig, director of the UK Trade Policy Project, has written a good blog with a preliminary analysis here.

Here’s an extract from his summary.

A serious attempt to balance the different interests at play, UK producers and consumers, developing countries, and future trade agreements ...

The hit to UK producers will primarily come from their inability to export tariff free, which will significantly affect competitiveness, though in some cases increased tariff free imports will also affect this;

Probably little effect on consumer prices overall, these are in any case downward-sticky when tariffs are reduced (quality at the same price tends to rise though), but cars likely to be a big exception, where prices will rise, and bikes may be an exception in the opposite direction.

And here is the Times’s Sam Coates on what happened at this morning’s cabinet.

Updated

The Telegraph’s Steven Swinford says Theresa May has been told she will face government resignations unless she gives Tory MPs a free vote on the Malthouse compromise amendment - the one favoured by Brexiters (see 8.55am and 9.11am.)

Last night Michel Barnier, the EU’s chief Brexit negotiator, said it was a “dangerous illusion” to think that the Malthouse compromise plan was on offer from the EU.

Updated

Boris Johnson says May's decision to give MPs free vote on no-deal Brexit 'absurd'

In his LBC phone-in Boris Johnson, the Brexiter former foreign secretary, said Theresa May’s decision to give MPs a free vote on a no-deal Brexit tonight was “absurd”. He said:

I think this is a fundamental matter of government policy, whether or not you are going to disable your negotiators by saying you are willing to walk away from the table or not. If you are not able to walk away from a negotiation, what is your negotiating leverage?

And, on a non-Brexit matter, as the Daily Mirror’s Mikey Smith reports, Johnson triggered fury by saying that police spending on child sexual abuse investigations was “spaffed up a wall”.

Updated

Barnier says risk of no-deal Brexit 'has never been higher'

In his speech to the European parliament Michel Barnier, the EU’s chief Brexit negotiator, also said that the risk of a no-deal Brexit had never been higher. He said:

We are at a critical point. The risk of no-deal has never been higher. That is the risk of an exit - even by accident - by the UK from the EU in a disorderly fashion.

I urge you please not to under-estimate the risk or its consequences.

Earlier in the European parliament’s debate Melania-Gabriela Ciot - Europe minister of Romania, which currently holds the European council’s presidency - said EU leaders wluld expect a “credible justification” for any extension requested by the UK and for its duration. She said:

The UK government and the British parliament have to come out with a clear sense of direction as to where there is a majority and timing as to when it will materialise.

In the meantime, the only certainty we have is an increased uncertainty for citizens and for businesses with an already clear economic impact in terms of level of activity, investment and - more importantly - jobs.

Farage urges EU leaders to rule out extending article 50

Nigel Farage, the former UKip leader and chair of the Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy group in the parliament, is speaking now.

He says he warned Michel Barnier that the withdrawal agreement would not get through the Commons. The EU is now short of £39bn, he says.

He says opinion in the UK is hardening against the EU.

He says the UK does not want four more years of trade talks. And the EU does not want them either. He says the solution is for EU leaders to veto an article 50 extension at their summit next week.

Then the two sides would be able to get on with their lives, he says.

  • Farage urges EU leaders to rule out extending article 50.

European parliament's lead Brexit spokesman says he would oppose even 24-hour article 50 extension unless UK says what it wants

This is what Guy Verhofstadt said in the European parliament about extending article 50.

I don’t want a long extension. I say that very openly. An extension, where we go beyond the European elections, and the European elections will be hijacked by the Brexiters, and by the whole Brexit issues. We will talk only about that, and not about the real problems, and the real reforms we need in the European Union.

The only thing we will do, we will give a new mandate to Mr Farage. That’s exactly wants. Why he wants that? For two reasons. First of all, he can continue to have a salary that he can transfer to his offshore company. And the second thing is that he can continue to do his dirty work in the European Union, that is to try to destroy the European Union from within ...

What we need is now certainty from the House of Commons ... And so I am against every extension, whether an extension of one day, one week, even 24 hours, if it is not based on a clear opinion of the House of Commons for something, that we know what they want.

Updated

Guy Verhofstadt, the leader of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe in the European parliament, and the parliament’s lead Brexit spokesman, is speaking now.

He starts by telling Henkel (see 9.45am) that Henkel needs to address his remarks to his Conservative party colleagues in the European Conservatives and Reformists group.

He says a long extension of article 50 would mean Nigel Farage staying on as an MEP. He would continue to get his salary, which he could pay into his offshore company, and he would continue to be able to do his “dirty work” in the EU.

Verhofstadt says he would be opposed to any article 50 extension unless the UK has decided what it wants.

Hans-Olaf Henkel, the German MEP who is vice chair of the European Conservatives and Reformists in the European parliament, says the best solution would be for the UK to stay in the EU.

He says the commission should help those in the UK who are campaigning for a second referendum.

And it should offer reform on immigration rules. That would make a difference, he says.

He says the EU will never be complete without the UK.

Manfred Weber, the leader of the centre-right European People’s party in the European parliament, and its candidate to be the next European commission president, is speaking now.

He says Brexit has let down a whole generation of young Europeans.

And he repeats the point Barnier made; the EU can only grant an article 50 extension if it knows what the UK wants. He says “the Brits” must clarify this at the next EU summit.

Brexit was made by populism, by easy answers. But the Brexiters cannot provide any easy answers now, he says.

Barnier is now speaking in English.

People ask if he is disappointed after last night’s vote, he says.

But he says his answer is always the same. The EU remains respectful of the UK, and it will remain calm and united in these negotiations, defending the EU and its citizens.

And that is it. Barnier has now finished.

Barnier says EU cannot grant article 50 extension until it knows why UK wants one

Barnier says there can be no further assurances to the UK.

What will happen now? Barnier says there will be votes in the Commons on no deal, and on extending article 50.

He says he hopes the UK will eventually agree on a constructive proposal.

The EU needs an answer now, he says.

He says the UK has to explain why an extension should be granted. He says the EU cannot grant an extension until it gets an answer.

They have to tell us what it is they want for their future relationship.

What will their choice be, what will be the line they will take? That is the question we need a clear answer to now. That is the question that has to be answered before a decision on a possible further extension.

Why would we extend these discussions? The discussion on article 50 is done and dusted. We have the withdrawal agreement. It is there.

That is the question asked and we are waiting for an answer to that.

  • Barnier says the EU cannot grant an article 50 extension until it knows why the UK wants one.

Updated

Barnier says the EU is not being inflexible in relation to the Irish backstop out of dogma.

It is a matter of practicalities, he says. It is about protecting the single market.

Barnier says the next stage of the Brexit negotiation, the one dealing with the future trade relationship, will be more important than the current one.

He says if the UK wants an orderly Brexit, then the treaty already agreed is the only available one.

Updated

In the European parliament Michel Barnier, the EU’s chief Brexit negotiator, is speaking now.

There is a live feed here.

Barnier says last night’s Commons vote just prolongs and makes worst the deep uncertainty about Brexit.

Responsibility for the Brexit decision belongs solely with the UK, he says.

This is from the former Ukip leader Nigel Farage.

Boris Johnson tells LBC that MPs will be debating the “very good” Malthouse compromise amendment last night.

Updated

Boris Johnson, the Brexiter former foreign secretary, is holding an LBC phone-in.

Nick Ferrari, the presenter, reads out a quote from Johnson saying it would be easy to negotiate new trade deals.

Johnson says he does not regret this. But only a handful of deals, to rollover the benefits of exiting EU trade deals, have been agreed, Ferrari says.

Johnson claims there is still time to get a better deal from the EU. He says the EU always agrees deals at the last moment. Or the horses change in the final furlong, as he puts it.

I covered a lot of EU summits, I have been to a lot of them in my time, I have seen how the EU works.

The horses always change places in the final furlong, it’s always at five minutes to midnight that the real deal is done.

In Brussels the real fix is always in at the end.

Updated

Rees-Mogg says the most likely thing now is the UK leaving on 29 March without a deal.

But he says people who want to delay Brexit, like Yvette Cooper and Dominic Grieve, want to stop it entirely.

And that’s it. His LBC interview is over.

Rees-Mogg says voting to rule out no deal won’t have legal force

Good morning. I’m Andrew Sparrow, picking up from Matthew Weaver.

Jacob Rees-Mogg, the Tory Brexiter and chair of the European Reseach Group, the powerful caucus representing up to 80 or so Conservatives pushing for a harder Brexit, is on LBC now.

Q: Some people are saying Britain has lost its Brexit. Is that right?

Rees-Mogg says he does not accept that. If he did, he would not have voted against the deal last night. He says parliament has already voted to leave the EU.

What MPs voted for last night was opinion, he says. The article 50 legislation and the EU Withdrawal Act were law. They are in a different category.

Q: So if MPs vote for an extension, it will not necessarily happen?

That’s right, says Rees-Mogg. He says it is up to the EU to offer an extension.

Q: What do you expect to happen now?

Rees-Mogg says he expects the motion ruling out no deal to go through. But it does not really change anything, because it is not law.

  • Rees-Mogg says voting to rule out no deal won’t have legal force.

Updated

Tory Brexiters were 'yearning' to be able to vote for May's deal, Steve Baker claims

Steve Baker, deputy chairman of the European Research Group, claimed Brexiters were “all really yearning to be able to vote for” Theresa May’s deal last night.

But he claimed attorney general Geoffrey Cox’s verdict that the risk of staying in the backstop remained unchanged meant they had to reject it. He told Today:

That final paragraph of his advice showing we would not have a lawful mechanism to exit the backstop, really blew up all prospect of us being able to vote for the deal.

Asked what should happen now, Baker said:

We have tabled an amendment related to the Malthouse B compromise. That means you throw three safety nets around exiting without a withdrawal agreement. The first is that you continue to offer plan A, which is that if we had alternative arrangements on the Irish backstop, we would approve the withdrawal agreement. The second is that we would offer to buy the implementation period for the financial settlement in the withdrawal agreement, so they get about £10bn a year and we all get a transition arrangement. And the third is that we take advantage of a wide-range of standstill agreements and arrangements ... and notify that trade preference to the WTO to exit smoothy.

Fellow Conservative Nick Boles dismissed the idea as “basically a no deal exit.” He added the EU has made clear that it would not accept such options. He said:

It is incredibly important for all of us to stick to things that actually can be deliver and not to try to come up with new schemes that which simply won’t fly.

Boles said parliament should use any extension to article 50 to “start voting on compromises”.

He added:

We have not been given the chance ever, by this prime minister, to debate and vote on alternative compromises. We need to start doing that next week so the EU sees that we are actually making progress, that we are gripping reality not fantasy.

Boles said the prime minister was entitled to try to get her deal through. But he added:

What she is not entitled to do is prevent the rest of us from seeing if there are alternatives compromises that could attract the support of a majority.

Updated

David Cameron urges MPs to rule out no-deal Brexit

David Cameron has urged his successor to abandon her deal and search of “other alternatives” on Brexit.

Speaking to reporters outside his house, he said:

Obviously what needs to happen next is to rule out no deal, that would be a disaster for our country and to seek an extension and I’m sure that’s what’s going to happen next.

What happened last night is that some people who have always wanted Brexit have voted against it again. And this is exasperating for the prime minister and I think she should feel free to look at other alternatives for partnership deals, and the like, in order to solve this problem, because you can’t go on with a situation where people who want Brexit keep voting against it.

Updated

Rebecca Long-Bailey, the shadow business secretary, has called for parliament to reach a consensus deal on leaving the EU.

Speaking to the Today programme she called on the prime minister to give MPs a free vote on all of the options out of the current impasse. She said:

There are very very common areas between Labour’s position and the position that has been set out by a number of Tory MPs ... to having a customs union deal and a strong single market deal.

She also appeared to play down the option of a second referendum. Long-Bailey said:

We haven’t ruled out a people’s vote, but our priority is securing a deal, but we also stated that we would keep all options on the table to avoid a damaging Tory Brexit and a no-deal Brexit.

She added:

We need to move the prime minister’s red lines towards a deal that would secure a parliamentary majority. First we need to rule out no deal. Secondly we need to look at the extension of article 50 for a short period of time in order to give us the opportunity to renegotiate a deal.

I’m sure that there will be a number of amendments put forward in the next few days outlining the direction of travel that parliament should take, because it is clear that the prime minister is not capable at this time of trying to find that consensus.

Asked about another vote of no confidence in the government, Long-Bailey said:

Of course it is something that we may consider in the future, but our priority at the moment is looking at ruling out no deal, making sure that we get that extension and we use it wisely to renegotiate the deal going forward.

Updated

Tariffs will be slashed to zero on 87% of imports to the UK as part of a temporary no-deal plan to prevent a £9bn price shock to business and consumers, the government has announced today.

But tariffs will apply to certain goods including beef, lamb, pork, poultry and some dairy products to “support farmers and producers who have historically been protected through high EU tariffs”.

MPs will be voting later on Wednesday to reject a no-deal Brexit after a humiliating 149-vote defeat for Theresa May’s deal in the Commons on Tuesday.

The government described today’s announcement as a “modest liberalisation” of tariffs designed to minimise disruption to business and price shock in the supermarkets.

No-deal tariff plan would be 'sledgehammer' for economy, says CBI

Responding to the tariff regime, CBI director-general Carolyn Fairbairn told Today:

This tells us everything that is wrong with a no-deal scenario.

What we are hearing is the biggest change in terms of trade this country has faced since the mid-19th century being imposed on this country with no consultation with business, no time to prepare.

This is no way to run a country. What we potentially are going to see is this imposition of new terms of trade at the same time as business is blocked out of its closest trading partner. This is a sledgehammer for our economy.

Updated

On the new tariff regime, Barclay told Today it was a “modest liberalisation” of trade.

“This is a modest liberalisation, it is a temporary measure, this is for a short term while we engage with business and see what the real-term consequences are,” he said.

The Guardian’s Lisa O’Carroll tweets the details of the new tariffs:

Updated

Steve Barclay (or ‘Steve Brexit’ as John Humphrys called him) is still promoting Theresa May’s withdrawal agreement despite the two crushing Commons defeats.

“The best way of getting Brexit delivered was the vote put before the House last night,” the Brexit secretary said.

Citing a point made by Ken Clarke, Barclay added: “Whatever deal you have you have to have the withdrawal agreement. The EU has been clear on that. And there is nothing in the withdrawal agreement that the Labour party in principle disagrees with.”

His comments suggest the government has not ruled out a third vote on the withdrawal agreement.

Alun Cairns, the Wales secretary, is making similar hints according to Sky News.

Updated

Angela Merkel has said that securing EU leaders’ agreement on a Brexit delay up until the end of June will be “easy”, according to senior diplomatic sources.

Attitudes in some of the EU’s capitals towards a possible extension of article 50 have recently hardened, with diplomats complaining that London had been “lazy” and taken a positive decision for granted.

But the German chancellor let it be known at the recent EU-Arab summit in Sharm el-Sheikh that Berlin will not stand in the way, sources have disclosed to the Guardian.

The Brexit secretary, Stephen Barclay, has been put up to face the media today.

He is asked on the Today programme how he’ll vote in the no deal vote. He dodges and says he’ll wait to see what the amendments are. But faced with a choice between no deal and no Brexit, Barclay says he’d favour no deal.

  • Stephen Barclay says he would prefer no deal to no Brexit.

Updated

Britain will slash tariffs on a range of imports from outside the European Union if MPs vote to leave without a deal, PA reports.

But some products coming from the remaining 27 EU member states which are currently imported free of tariffs will now face levies for the first time.

Ministers said that, overall, the changes would represent a “modest liberalisation” of the UK’s tariff regime.

Under a unilateral temporary scheme announced by the government, 87% of all imports to the UK by value would be eligible for zero-tariff access - up from 80% at present - while many other goods will be subject to a lower rate than currently applied under EU rules.

In special arrangements for Northern Ireland, the UK’s temporary import tariffs will not apply to EU goods crossing the border from the Republic.

Here is the Guardian’s Rafael Behr on last night’s defeat.

And this is how his column starts.

There might still be ways that Brexit can go badly; unexplored dead ends and byways of failure. But the road to success is now closed. Parliament’s second verdict on Theresa May’s deal is slightly less crushing than the first one in January. But a defeat by 149 votes, just weeks before Britain is due to leave the EU, indicates not only the last evacuation of any authority from the prime minister but a profound crisis in the project that is the only purpose of her government. She had one job, and she cannot do it. Vital questions about the future will now be settled in a state between despondency and panic. There is no strategy, no guiding intelligence. A plan must be salvaged from the wreckage of a bad idea badly executed.

There was a moment, early today, when May thought she saw a way through. A path was briefly visible to the promised land of orderly Brexit. The prime minister had brought legal clarifications from Strasbourg to embellish her deal. But then the road was barred by Geoffrey Cox. The attorney general judged that the UK might still find itself in the notorious backstop – an EU customs union – with no unilateral means of dissolving the arrangement. Indefinite backstop is a deal-breaker for hardliners.

Cox’s judgment spread disappointment well beyond the circle of noisy Brexit ultras. There is a quieter tranche of MPs whose first preference is that Brexitjust be done with a minimum of trauma. Most aren’t that bothered about the detail. But May’s withdrawal agreement, the only existing mechanism to achieve their goal, is just too toxic after so much high-profile scorn.

Updated

Yesterday, writing in the Guardian, former Australian prime minister Kevin Rudd warned that expecting the Commonwealth to fill the trade gap left by the EU, was “utter delusion”.

Today, one of Australia’s top business leaders has cautioned that the trade uncertainty caused by Brexit is hurting its trade partners.

James Pearson, chief executive of the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, said the 300,000 businesses it represents were “exposed quite heavily” to export and import markets and the UK was a “significant” trading partner. He said:

[MPs] need to resolve the issues as soon as practical so that we can get on with building and strengthening further the United Kingdom-Australia trade and investment relationship.

It’s got a long history, it’s a very strong and profitable one and a beneficial one for the people and businesses of both countries, so we are looking forward to doing that once this uncertainty is resolved.

Updated

What happens next?

Political correspondent Peter Walker, has this excellent guide to what happens next.

What happens next?

As promised in advance by Theresa May, the next step will be motions on successive days to see first if MPs want to rule out a no-deal departure and then, if they do, whether they wish to extend article 50 and delay the Brexit process. The Conservatives will have a free vote on no deal. May stressed that Wednesday’s vote would not rule out no deal for ever – just for now. And if MPs decline to rule out no deal, she said, it will become official government policy.

What does this mean for Theresa May?

Whatever happens, it’s not good news. Badly losing two Commons votes on your government’s flagship policy is unprecedented for a modern prime minister, and in any other political era would herald their imminent eviction from Downing Street. There had been speculation that May could even resign if she lost again. While she has not, she is badly weakened, and the challenges will surely come. For now, MPs’ focus is on seeking to shape Brexit, and few would probably want to immediately take on her onerous task. But – as with everything in this matter – events could move very quickly.

How long could Brexit be delayed?

That depends, not least on whether MPs support this. May is adamant that if there is a pause it should be brief and not one that would require the UK to take part in the upcoming European elections, taking place in 10 weeks’ time. But any Commons motion on extending article 50 will be amendable, and parliament might take another view.

Could May seek a softer Brexit?

Seemingly not, at least not yet. After the vote her spokesman reiterated the prime minister’s opposition to any Brexit deal that involves a customs union. Meanwhile the EU has indicated that it has no appetite for further talks.

What will Labour do next?

While pushing for a second referendum is still among the party’s official demands, in responding to May’s defeat, Jeremy Corbyn spoke mainly about again pushing Labour’s Brexit plan – which involves membership of a customs union, or the idea of a general election. But again, things could change quickly, and those MPs who back a second referendum have not given up on the idea.

Could there be a general election?

That is what some Conservative backbenchers loyal to May were warning would inevitably happen if she lost the latest vote. This is likely to have been intended as an extra warning to would-be Tory rebels, one that went largely unobserved. An election could still happen, but that would involve extending article 50 for longer than the government wants.

Updated

The pound rose slightly overnight as traders took the Commons vote as a sign that Brexit is now more likely to be delayed. It is sitting at $1.309 and €1.16.

David de Garis, a director of economics and market at National Australia Bank, told Reuters that he expected today’s no-deal vote to go against the government as well as Thursday’s expected vote to extend the article 50 trigger. That would be “of some comfort to sterling”, he said.

But he added: “It’s still a fast moving environment, with political pressure at understandably extreme levels.”

This graph shows the biggest government defeats in House of Commons. Tuesday night’s comes in fourth; the largest remains Theresa May’s first defeat on her Brexit plan in January.

Biggest government defeats in House of Commons

How the papers are covering last night's defeat

Theresa May looks downcast on the front pages of most of the papers today, which all focus on the defeat of the Brexit deal in the House of Commons last night. Our full wrap of how the papers covered the news is here.

Updated

The interactive that allowed you to see how every MP voted on yesterday’s motion seems to have had a bit of a malfunction when embedded in the blog.

I’ve take it down, but if you’d like to search for your (or any) MP, you can do that here. And we will be updating the interactive with the results from all the Brexit votes this week. So, one to bookmark.

Hello early-rising politics-watchers, welcome to our rolling coverage of today’s politics news.

After yesterday’s thumping defeat of Theresa May’s Brexit deal – which was defeated by 149 votes in the Commons – MPs are preparing to vote on another significant Brexit motion today. This time they will vote on whether or not a no-deal Brexit is possible.

Donald Tusk warned that the outcome of last night’s vote made a no-deal Brexit more likely, saying: “On the EU side we have done all that is possible to reach an agreement ... With only 17 days left to 29 March, today’s vote has significantly increased the likelihood of a no-deal Brexit.”

If MPs reject the possibility of a no-deal Brexit, they will vote on the possibility of delaying the UK’s exit from the European Union on Thursday.

Labour has said it will try to force the government to adopt its Brexit stance. After May was defeated, the Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn called for a general election.

It’s going to be another big Brexit day, in another big Brexit week. We’re glad to have you along for the ride.

Get in touch via Twitter, in the comments, or via email – kate.lyons@theguardian.com – if you have questions, thoughts, or witticisms to share. I’ll be gently shepherding the blog along in the early hours before Andrew Sparrow takes over a little later.

 

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