Graeme Wearden 

UK growth hits five-year low of 0.1% as business investment falls – as it happened

Economists warn that Britain’s economy is losing momentum after growth almost stalled in the first three months of the year
  
  

The City of London financial district
The City of London financial district Photograph: Neil Hall/Reuters

Summary

Time for a quick recap.

UK GDP

Costas Milas of the University of Liverpool argues that the Office for National Statistics should get credit for not changing its growth estimates today:

Praise for the ONS should be in order. Since the Brexit vote, the ONS has really stepped up its game as the median difference between the first and the revised reading for annual GDP growth is zero(!).

In other words, the professional work of the ONS suggests that UK policymakers, already consumed by Brexit-related uncertainty, do not have to deal with big data revisions that would challenge further their policy decisions.”

John Hawksworth, chief economist at PwC, hopes that growth will pick up this year.

He writes:

“The ONS left their estimate of first quarter GDP growth unchanged at 0.1%, with construction and retailing being the main sources of weakness on the output side. They also continued to downplay the negative influence of adverse weather conditions on the figures, in contrast to the views of the Bank of England and indications from some business surveys that this was a more significant factor.

“On the expenditure side, subdued growth of consumer spending of just 0.2% was an important factor behind the slowdown, although retail sales bounced back strongly in April so we expect somewhat stronger growth in the second quarter.

“Business investment was also weak, falling by 0.2% in the first quarter, though perhaps surprisingly total fixed investment growth was relatively strong at 0.9%. This reflects the fact that both government investment and private housebuilding investment were recorded as rising by more than 3% in the first quarter, which is surprising given the weakness of construction output in this period. There could well be some revisions to come in the future to iron out these apparent inconsistencies in the stories told by the output and expenditure data on investment.

“Overall, the figures confirm the view that UK growth was subdued in the first quarter, though we continue to believe that this overstates the underlying weakness of the economy, bearing in mind the strong jobs growth we’ve seen. We expect some recovery in the second quarter, with GDP growth of around 1.3% for 2018 as a whole.”

That’s probably all for today. Thanks for reading and commenting, and have a great weekend. GW

Updated

Newsflash: US durable goods orders sank by 1.7% last month, a bigger fall than expected.

The decline was driven by a 29% plunge in orders for civilian aircraft - a volatile area (as airlines typically make large orders occasionally).

Strip that out, and ‘core durable goods orders’ rose by 0.9%, thanks to increased demand for cars, computers and other electrical devices.

The opposition Labour Party blame government cutbacks for Britain’s slowdown.

Jonathan Reynolds MP, Shadow Treasury Minister, says:

“This second GDP estimate confirms that this is the weakest Q1 growth since 2012 with business investment falling.

“It’s no good for the Chancellor to blame this on bad weather when even the ONS said in their initial estimate that this had a limited impact. The truth is that continued Tory austerity cuts are weakening growth.

“The next Labour government will end austerity and provide the investment vitally needed to kick-start the economy, delivering rising living standards for the many, not the few.”

Austerity has certainly has a negative impact on UK growth since the financial crisis (even the independent fiscal watchdog, the OBR, has said as much). But today’s GDP report also shows that government spending actually increased by 0.5% in the last quarter. The largest contributor to this increase was spending on public administration, the ONS says.

Euro hits six-month low

Back in the financial markets, the euro has hit its lowest level since last November as political tensions swirl in Italy and Spain.

The single currency has shed half a cent against the US dollar to $1.166, as investors worry that the eurozone crisis is flaring up again.

The selloff was sparked by the news that Spanish PM Mariano Rajoy faces the prospect of a no-confidence vote. The opposition Socialist party called the vote this morning, accusing Rajoy’s party of staining Spanish democracy.

The move came after 29 members of Rajoy’s Popular Party were jailed in a massive corruption scandal. PP’s former treasurer, Luis Barcenas, was jailed for 33 years.

This has prompted calls for Rajoy to call fresh elections; the PM, though, is standing firm.

News of the no-confidence vote has sent shares sliding in Madrid, where the Spanish IBEX index has fallen 2%.

Spanish government bonds are also being sold off with gusto, sending the yield (interest rate) on the debt spiking.

Italian bonds are also suffering, as investors worry that its new populist-controlled government will clash with Europe over fiscal policy.

Profits warning at UK furnishings chain

Newsflash: UK home furnishing’s chain Dunelm has just dropped a nasty surprise on the City - a profits warning.

It’s another sign that consumer spending in the UK is fragile, with wages only growing slightly faster than inflation.

Dunelm has told shareholders that trading conditions have become “materially more challenging” in recent weeks, with fewer visitors to its outlets.

Like-for-like takings at the company’s stores, which sells bedding, rugs, garden furniture, curtains and lights, are down 4.7% this quarter.

Online sales, though, are up 43.7%. But even so, the company now believes profits will be “moderately” below last year’s £109.3m.

Shares in the company have plunged by 9%.

Nick Wilkinson, chief executive, says:

‘We have seen an unexpectedly challenging start to the fourth quarter, with continuing softness in the homewares market and reduced footfall to our stores.

Wilkinson, who was only appointed in January, is due to leave the company in the autumn.

Some international comparisons

Britain’s growth report doesn’t look too good when compared to other major economies.

With quarterly growth of 0.1%, and annual growth of 1.2%, the UK is behind most of its rivals.

For example, Germany expanded by 0.3% in Q1 2018, and by 2.3% over the last year.

France also grew by 0.3% in the quarter, or 2.1% annually.

Even Italy, a perennial eurozone laggard, beat Britain with quarterly growth of 0.3% and annual growth of 1.4%.

America expanded at a faster pace - with growth of 0.6% in the quarter, and 2.9% over the year.

Japan, though, bucked the trend by contracting by 0.2% in January-March.

Full story: UK economy posts worst quarterly GDP figures for five years

Our economics correspondent, Richard Partington, says today’s GDP report will fuel fears over the UK economy.

He writes:

The weakest household spending for three years and falling levels of business investment dragged the economy to the worst quarter for five years, official statisticians have confirmed.

The Office for National Statistics confirmed its previous estimate that GDP growth slumped to 0.1% in the first quarter, while sticking to its view that the “beast from the east” had little impact.

The latest figures will further stoke concerns over the strength of the UK economy, amid increasing signals for deteriorating growth as Britain prepares to leave the EU next year. Some economists, including officials at the Bank of England, thought the growth rate would be revised higher as more data became available.

Threadneedle Street delayed raising interest rates earlier this month following the weak first GDP estimate, despite arguing that the negative hit to the economy from heavy snowfall in late February and early March had probably been overblown. Instead the ONS said it had seen a longer-term pattern of slowing growth in the first three months of the year.

Liberal Democrat MP Layla Moran blames the government’s (mis)handling of the Brexit negotiations for the slowdown in growth

Moran, who backs the Best for Britain campaign for a second referendum on the final deal with the EU, says uncertainty over Britain’s exit from the EU is hurting the economy:

“Brexit is the backdrop for these poor figures and the government only has it’s itself to blame. It’s negotiations have been a total shambles.

“Weak household spending and business investment are both factors directly related to the country’s vote to leave the European Union. Businesses are reluctant to spend on new offices and equipment while Brexit remains so uncertain.

“This all shows why we need a final say on the Brexit deal.”

Lee Hopley, chief economist at EEF, the manufacturers’ organisation, sees ‘few crumbs of comfort’ in today’s new growth figures.

The weak 0.1% expansion was confirmed, with the detailed breakdown showing more of the same subdued growth in household spending and small declines in both exports and business investment.

“Taking together the forces of Brexit uncertainty, softening indicators in overseas markets and consumers that have yet to regain their mojo, it is hard to see what will spur some renewed momentum in the economy over the next couple of quarters.

There’s not much in today’s GDP report to justify an imminent rise in UK borrowing costs.

Anthony Kurukgy, Senior Sales Trader at Foenix Partners, says interest rates could stay on hold at 0.5% until 2019.

If Bank of England Governor Mark Carney was hoping for a surprise uplift in the latest GDP estimate this morning, he was dealt yet another blow. The latest reading, which came in line with market expectations (0.1%) reaffirms the UK Central Bank’s views that a combination of stagnated growth and ‘softer’ data will only keep the likelihood of UK interest rate hikes on hold.

With the ‘unreliable boyfriend’ at the helm, there’s an argument to say that one interest rate rise in 2018 isn’t exactly a forgone conclusion.

Howard Archer of the EY ITEM Club says Britain’s economy seems to have lost momentum since the start of 2018:

Here’s his take on today’s GDP figures:

  • While growth in the first quarter was clearly savaged by the Beast from the East, the extent of the slowdown has fuelled strong suspicion that there was a significant underlying loss of momentum in economic activity in addition to the weather impact
  • The component breakdown of growth in the first quarter was also unappetizing - thereby reinforcing concerns - with consumer spending muted and business investment and exports both falling. However, net trade was flat as imports also fell

ONS: Economy performed poorly last quarter

The Office for National Statistics isn’t pulling its punches -- it says Britain’s economy put in a poor performance at the start of this year.

The ONS’s head of GDP Rob Kent-Smith said:

“Overall, the economy performed poorly in the first quarter with manufacturing growth slowing and weak consumer-facing services. Oil and gas bounced back strongly, however, following the shutdown of the Forties pipeline at the end of last year.

“While there was some evidence of the poor weather hitting construction and high street shopping, this was offset to an extent by increased energy supply and online sales.”

UK GDP: the detail

Britain’s hotels and restaurants were the worst-performing part of the UK services sector in the last quarter.

The ONS reports:

  • transport, storage and communications increased by 0.4%
  • business services and finance increased by 0.4%
  • government and other services increased by 0.1%
  • distribution, hotels and restaurants decreased by 0.1%

On the industrial side, manufacturing grew by a modest 0.2% while energy production was stronger (because it was so chilly!).

Here’s the details:

  • electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning increased by 2.5% (2.3%)
  • mining and quarrying increased by 2.2% (3.5%)
  • manufacturing increased by 0.2% (unrevised)
  • water supply industries decreased by 1.0% (negative 0.3%)

UK household spending growth hits three-year low

Bloomberg points out that UK household spending rose at the slowest rate since 2015 - a sign that consumers are cautious.

They say:

U.K. consumer spending lost momentum in the first quarter and companies cut investment after severe weather swept the country.

Household spending rose just 0.2 percent, the weakest performance in more than three years, and business investment declined 0.2 percent as snowstorms kept shoppers at home and hit construction projects.

Here’s some instant reaction to the UK growth figures:

The ONS also insists that we can’t blame the Beast from the East for the slowdown.

It says:

While the bad weather had some impact on the economy, particularly in construction and some areas of retail, its overall effect was limited, with partially offsetting impacts in energy supply and online sales.

However, the Bank of England’s regional agents have a different view. They have reported that the snowy weather did have a notable impact on growth earlier this year.

Today’s figures also confirm that Britain’s economy actually shrank in the first three months, once you adjust for population changes.

GDP per capita shrank by 0.1% between the fourth quarter of 2017 and the first quarter of 2018, the ONS says. Effectively we all became a little poorer.

UK growth confirmed at 0.1%

Newsflash: It’s official, UK growth slowed to just 0.1% in the first three months of 2018.

The second estimate of GDP, just released, confirms that growth slowed to a five-year low in the first three months of this year.

The Office for National Statistics reports that the pattern of “slowing growth” continued in the last three months, as consumer-facing industries suffered a slowdown.

Britain’s building sector actually shrank during the quarter, while the dominant services sector grew by 0.3%.

Importantly, the data also shows that business investment shrank in January-March 2018. That may be a sign that firms are reluctant to spend on new offices, factories and equipment while Brexit remains so uncertain.

Household spending rose though.

The ONS says:

  • The services industries increased by 0.3% in Quarter 1 2018; while construction decreased by 2.7% in Quarter 1 2018.
  • Household spending grew by 0.2%, while business investment decreased by 0.2% between Quarter 4 2017 and Quarter 1 2018.

More to follow!

One of the most disastrous retail ventures in recent years is over.

Overnight, Australia’s Wesfarmers offloaded the Homebase DIY chain for a nominal £1, two years after buying it for £340m - chucking out its furnishings and aiming for a hard-core DIY audience.

My colleague Sarah Butler explains:

Wesfarmers had intended to spend £500m giving the Homebase chain a facelift, turning it into a British version of its successful Australian DIY chain Bunnings, which is famous for low prices and sausage sizzles.

But in a tough UK market, where the entire DIY sector is under pressure and there is heavy competition from the likes of B&Q, Argos, Wickes and the supermarkets, it has struggled to get a foothold and suffered heavy losses.

Updated

Just in: German business confidence was unchanged in May, following five months of declines.

That’s according to the Munich-based IFO economic institute, whose business morale index held steady at 102.2. That suggests that anxiety over trade wars has abated (or at least not got any worse).

Updated

Last month, the first estimate of GDP showed that the UK economy only grew by 1.2% over the last 12 months.

If that’s confirmed at 9.30am, it means Britain has been one of the slowest-growing major economies in the last year.

Britain’s FTSE 100 stock index has risen by 31 points (or 0.4%) to 7749 as traders await this morning’s GDP figures.

European markets are also gaining ground; Germany’s DAX and France’s CAC are up around 0.5%.

The City is taking comfort that North Korea has said Kim Jong Un is still willing to meet Donald Trump “at any time,” even though next month’s summit seems to be off.

Carney: Bank ready to act if UK faces disorderly Brexit

Today’s growth figures come just hours after the Bank of England’s governor warned of the economic costs of a disorderly Brexit.

Mark Carney said that failure to agree a smooth transition deal would have damaging consequences. This could force the BoE to launch emergency measures, such as an interest rate cut.

Carney told the Society of Professional Economists in London last night that a Brexit crisis could force the Bank to allowing inflation to spike (because the pound would tumble), rather than hiking interest rates and sending the economy sliding into recession.

As Carney put it:

From a monetary policy perspective, the bank is ready for Brexit.

Although the exact policy response cannot be predicted in advance, observers know from our track record that, in exceptional circumstances, we are both willing to tolerate some deviation of inflation from target for a limited period of time and that there are limits to that tolerance

The agenda: New UK GDP growth report

Good morning, and welcome to our rolling coverage of the world economy, the financial markets, the eurozone and business.

Never mind GDPR. What really matters today is GDP - and whether Britain really slipped to the brink of stagnation at the start of 2018.

Updated growth figures from the Office for National Statistics will give a better insight into the state of the UK economy. They will probably confirm that growth fell to a measly 0.1% in January-March, the weakest quarterly growth rate in five years.

The data will also give a more detailed breakdown of the economy, showing how business investment and household spending changed.

Economists had originally expected that the economy expanded by 0.4% in Q1, so last month’s first estimate of GDP was a nasty shock.

It’s possible that the growth rate could be revised up from 0.1% to 0.2% this morning, which would bring some cheer to the markets.

Indeed, the Bank of England has pretty much said that it thinks the original data is too gloomy, and that bad wintery weather hit growth. But there are also worries that weak consumer spending, and uncertainty over Brexit is hurting the economy.

A weak growth report would also reduces the chance of UK interest rates rising in the next few months, and hit the pound.

Michael Hewson of CMC Markets says:

Today’s second estimate of Q1 GDP is expected to come in at 0.1% unchanged from the previous estimate and given the poor weather in March it would be a surprise if any of the other indicators were revised higher, though we could see exports revised up to 0.5%.

Also coming up today:

European markets are expected to recover some of yesterday’s losses, as fears over North Korea abate slightly.

Overnight, Pyongyang signalled it was still willing to hold a summit with the US - despite Donald Trump cancelling June’s meeting.

We also get a new estimate of German business confidence, and new US durable goods sales (machinery, large electrical devices and the like).

The agenda:

  • 9am BST: IFO survey of German business confidence in May
  • 9.30am BST: Second estimate of UK growth in the first quarter of 2018
  • 1.30pm BST: US durable goods sales figures for April
 

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